Observational studyJMIR public health and surveillance2021
Clinical Characterization of Patients With COVID-19 in Primary Care in Catalonia: Retrospective Observational Study.
Observational study in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Pooled it
- Global prevalence and effect of comorbidities and smoking status on severity and mortality of COVID-19 in association with age and gender: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Revealing Critical Bias Across a Body of Observational Research.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical and epidemiological risk factors associated with hospitalization and mortality rate of COVID-19 patients in Banja Luka County: A retrospective observational cohort study on 40,000 patients.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Safety of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Breast Cancer: Cross-Sectional Study in China.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity and Risk of Bias in Studies Examining Risk Factors for Severe Illness and Death in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Individuals With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Waves in Catalonia, Spain: Retrospective Observational Study Using Daily Updated Data.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Observational
- Relationship between initial symptoms and the prognosis, sex, and demographic area of patients with COVID-19.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Risk Factors for COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality in Institutionalised Elderly People.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Primary Prevention and COVID-19.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Lack of significant association between dyslipidemia and COVID-19 mortality.The Journal of infection · 2021Article
- Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis: Who is really at risk?The Journal of infection · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe country of Spain has one of the highest incidences of COVID-19, with more than 1,000,000 cases as of the end of October 2020. Patients with a history of chronic conditions, obesity, and cancer are at greater risk from COVID-19; moreover, concerns surrounding the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin type II receptor blockers (ARBs) and its relationship to COVID-19 susceptibility have increased since the beginning of the pandemic.
objectiveThe objectives of this study were to compare the characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to those of patients without COVID-19 in primary care; to determine the risk factors associated with the outcome of mortality; and to determine the potential influence of certain medications, such as ACEIs and ARBs, on the mortality of patients with COVID-19.
methodsAn observational retrospective study of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Catalan Central Region of Spain between March 1 and August 17, 2020, was conducted. The data were obtained from the Primary Care Services Information Technologies System of the Catalan Institute of Health in Barcelona, Spain.
resultsThe study population included 348,596 patients (aged >15 years) registered in the Primary Care Services Information Technologies System of the Catalan Central Region. The mean age of the patients was 49.53 years (SD 19.42), and 31.17% of the patients were aged ≥60 years. 175,484/348,596 patients (50.34%) were women. A total of 23,844/348,596 patients (6.84%) in the population studied were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period, and the most common clinical conditions of these patients were hypertension (5267 patients, 22.1%) and obesity (5181 patients, 21.7%). Overall, 2680/348,596 patients in the study population (0.77%) died during the study period. The number of deaths among patients without COVID-19 was 1825/324,752 (0.56%; mean age 80.6 years, SD 13.3), while among patients diagnosed with COVID-19, the number of deaths was 855/23,844 (3.58%; mean age 83.0 years, SD 10.80) with an OR of 6.58 (95% CI 6.06-7.15).
conclusionsWe observed that women were more likely to contract COVID-19 than men. In addition, our study did not show that hypertension, obesity, or being treated with ACEIs or ARBs was linked to an increase in mortality in patients with COVID-19. Age is the main factor associated with mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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