ReviewNature immunology2021
Naturalizing mouse models for immunology.
Review in Nature immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances on coxsackievirus A6 vaccine research.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Constitutive and inducible fibrosis explain immune variation among threespine stickleback populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Environmental drivers of low vaccine responsiveness in a lab-to-wild rodent model.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Going wild: prioritizing experimental models of rodent-borne viruses to decode zoonotic spillover and pandemic risk.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- T-cell distribution in the dorsal root ganglion across species, sex, and age.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Optimization of Preclinical Rodent Research Models of Human Shock: Part One Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
- Integrating the Microbiome Into Infection Ecology and Evolution in Wild Animals.Molecular ecology · 2026Review
- Harnessing PDX and PDX 2.0: the next-generation paradigm for precision oncology and translational breakthroughs.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Exploring Host-driven Immunopathological Factors Developing Severe Tuberculosis: Insights from Comparative Mouse Models.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Short-chain fatty acids mediate interactions between immune responses and commensal bacteria in high altitude yaks.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Adapting systems biology to address the complexity of human disease in the single-cell era.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Article
- Laboratory mice engrafted with natural gut microbiota possess a wildling-like phenotype.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Biochemical and hematological reference intervals in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques and implications for vaccine and drug development.Lab animal · 2025Article
- Integrating natural commensals and pathogens into preclinical mouse models.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Illuminating the Shadows of Neuroscience: How Curiosity and Courage Redefine Research Models and Mentorship.eNeuro · 2025Article
- SynBioNanoDesign: pioneering targeted drug delivery with engineered nanomaterials.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Engineering human immune organoids for translational immunology.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Laboratory mice have provided invaluable insight into mammalian immune systems. Yet the immune phenotypes of mice bred and maintained in conventional laboratory conditions often differ from the immune phenotypes of wild mammals. Recent work to naturalize the environmental experience of inbred laboratory mice-to take them where the wild things are (to borrow a phrase from Maurice Sendak), via approaches such as construction of exposure histories, provision of fecal transplants or surrogate mothering by wild mice, and rewilding-is poised to expand understanding, complementing genetic and phylogenetic research on how natural selection has shaped mammalian immune systems while improving the translational potential of mouse research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.