Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33495441›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Structural insights into the disruption of TNF-TNFR1 signalling by small molecules stabilising a distorted TNF.

David McMillan, Carlos Martinez-Fleites, John Porter, David Fox, Rachel Davis, Prashant Mori, Tom Ceska, Bruce Carrington, Alastair Lawson, Tim Bourne and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Phase 1 study of balinatunfib, an oral inhibitor of TNFR1 signal in mild-to-moderate psoriasis.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026
    Trial
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  19. ExploringJournal of inflammation research · 2025
    Article
  20. Unraveling the Therapeutic Potential ofCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

David McMillanUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK. david.mcmillan@ucb.com.ORCID 0000-0001-9376-0284
Carlos Martinez-FleitesUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
John PorterUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5915-1546
David FoxUCB Pharma, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1116-9576
Rachel DavisUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
Prashant MoriUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
Tom CeskaUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
Bruce CarringtonUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
Alastair LawsonUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
Tim BourneUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.
James O'ConnellUCB Pharma, Slough, SL1 3WE, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3138-8074
UCB Pharma (United Kingdom) · GBGlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom) · GBUCB Pharma (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a trimeric protein which signals through two membrane receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. Previously, we identified small molecules that inhibit human TNF by stabilising a distorted trimer and reduce the number of receptors bound to TNF from three to two. Here we present a biochemical and structural characterisation of the small molecule-stabilised TNF-TNFR1 complex, providing insights into how a distorted TNF trimer can alter signalling function. We demonstrate that the inhibitors reduce the binding affinity of TNF to the third TNFR1 molecule. In support of this, we show by X-ray crystallography that the inhibitor-bound, distorted, TNF trimer forms a complex with a dimer of TNFR1 molecules. This observation, along with data from a solution-based network assembly assay, leads us to suggest a model for TNF signalling based on TNF-TNFR1 clusters, which are disrupted by small molecule inhibitors.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsAnimalsBinding, CompetitiveHumansModels, MolecularProtein BindingProtein ConformationProtein MultimerizationReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type ISignal TransductionSmall Molecule LibrariesTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type ISmall Molecule LibrariesTNF protein, humanTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID33495441
PMCPMC7835368
OpenAlexW3123883096

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.