ArticleNeurology2021
Diabetes Mellitus, Glycemic Traits, and Cerebrovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of Early Risk Factors Associated with Cerebrovascular Diseases.Current neurovascular research · 2026Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization studies on ischemic stroke: a field synopsis and systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Genome-Wide Association Study and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.Stroke · 2024Pooled it
- Appraising the Causal Role of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Genetically predicted alterations in thyroid function are associated with the risk of benign prostatic disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Development and Internal Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Carotid Atherosclerosis in the Hyperuricemia Population.Vascular health and risk management · 2024Trial
- Diabetic cerebral microvascular disorder: from key pathologies to targeted interventions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Association of C-Reactive Protein with Functional Outcome After Acute Ischemic Stroke Across TOAST Subtypes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Associations of glycated hemoglobin with etiology, lesions, and outcome of ischemic stroke: Japan Stroke Data Bank.eNeurologicalSci · 2026Article
- Neutrophils and leukocytes in acute ischemic stroke: Traditional markers for predicting clinical outcomes.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2026Article
- Association of a new TyG indicator, TyHGB, with cardiovascular disease incidence among the elderly: evidence from a prospective cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Diabetic Complications: Potential Mechanisms, Microbial Signatures, and Clinical Implications.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Genetic Variants and Alteration in Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) mRNA Level in Ischemic Stroke Patients Among Bengali and Gujarati Population from India.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Retrospective Cohort Analysis of TyG, TyG-SI, and TyG-Lac Indices as Predictors of 360-Day Mortality in Critically Ill Ischemic Stroke Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Genetically Simulated GLP-1 Receptor Agonism and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Neurology. Genetics · 2026Article
- Prognostic stratification of cardiovascular risk and cardiac remodeling in prediabetes: a multimodal analysis comparing ADA and WHO/IEC diagnostic criteria.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Observational
- Cumulative exposure to the estimated glucose disposal rate and incident stroke in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-4: 6-year longitudinal evidence from CHARLS.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Higher HbA1c-Hemoglobin Ratio Was Associated With Poor Outcome in Endovascular Thrombectomy Patients.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning-based predictive model for carotid plaque in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Brain over muscle: central mechanisms predominate in gait impairment among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe employed Mendelian randomization to explore the effects of genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes (T2D), hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction on risk of stroke subtypes and related cerebrovascular phenotypes.
methodsWe selected instruments for genetic predisposition to T2D (74,124 cases, 824,006 controls), HbA1c levels (n = 421,923), fasting glucose levels (n = 133,010), insulin resistance (n = 108,557), and β-cell dysfunction (n = 16,378) based on published genome-wide association studies. Applying 2-sample Mendelian randomization, we examined associations with ischemic stroke (60,341 cases, 454,450 controls), intracerebral hemorrhage (1,545 cases, 1,481 controls), and ischemic stroke subtypes (large artery, cardioembolic, small vessel stroke), as well as with related phenotypes (carotid atherosclerosis, imaging markers of cerebral white matter integrity, and brain atrophy).
resultsGenetic predisposition to T2D and higher HbA1c levels were associated with higher risk of any ischemic stroke, large artery stroke, and small vessel stroke. Similar associations were also noted for carotid atherosclerotic plaque, fractional anisotropy, a white matter disease marker, and markers of brain atrophy. We further found associations of genetic predisposition to insulin resistance with large artery and small vessel stroke, whereas predisposition to β-cell dysfunction was associated with small vessel stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, lower gray matter volume, and total brain volume.
conclusionsThis study supports causal effects of T2D and hyperglycemia on large artery and small vessel stroke. We show associations of genetically predicted insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction with large artery and small vessel stroke that might have implications for antidiabetic treatments targeting these mechanisms. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that genetic predisposition to T2D and higher HbA1c levels are associated with a higher risk of large artery and small vessel ischemic stroke.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.