Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33494791›Full record

ArticleStem cell research & therapy2021

Glucocorticoid agonists enhance retinal stem cell self-renewal and proliferation.

Kenneth N Grisé, Nelson X Bautista, Krystal Jacques, Brenda L K Coles, Derek van der Kooy

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Microglia response and function in a chronic model of photoreceptor damage.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Retina regeneration: lessons from vertebrates.Oxford open neuroscience · 2022
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kenneth N GriséDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. ken.grise@mail.utoronto.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-2102-2084
Nelson X BautistaDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Krystal JacquesDonnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
Brenda L K ColesDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Derek van der KooyDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
University of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR FDN-148407
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdult mammalian retinal stem cells (RSCs) readily proliferate, self-renew, and generate progeny that differentiate into all retinal cell types in vitro. RSC-derived progeny can be induced to differentiate into photoreceptors, making them a potential source for retinal cell transplant therapies. Despite their proliferative propensity in vitro, RSCs in the adult mammalian eye do not proliferate and do not have a regenerative response to injury. Thus, identifying and modulating the mechanisms that regulate RSC proliferation may enhance the capacity to produce RSC-derived progeny in vitro and enable RSC activation in vivo.

methodsHere, we used medium-throughput screening to identify small molecules that can expand the number of RSCs and their progeny in culture. In vitro differentiation assays were used to assess the effects of synthetic glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone on RSC-derived progenitor cell fate. Intravitreal injections of dexamethasone into adult mouse eyes were used to investigate the effects on endogenous RSCs.

resultsWe discovered that high-affinity synthetic glucocorticoid agonists increase RSC self-renewal and increase retinal progenitor proliferation up to 6-fold without influencing their differentiation in vitro. Intravitreal injection of synthetic glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone induced in vivo proliferation in the ciliary epithelium-the niche in which adult RSCs reside.

conclusionsTogether, our results identify glucocorticoids as novel regulators of retinal stem and progenitor cell proliferation in culture and provide evidence that GCs may activate endogenous RSCs.

Indexed as

Cell Self RenewalGlucocorticoidsAnimalsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationCells, CulturedMiceRetinaGlucocorticoidsCell differentiationDexamethasoneDrug discoveryGlucocorticoidNeurogenesisPhotoreceptorprogenitorproliferationRetinaSelf-renewalStem cell

Identifiers

PMID33494791
PMCPMC7831262
OpenAlexW3123432876

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.