Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33493212›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021

Malaria in Southern Venezuela: The hottest hotspot in Latin America.

Maria Eugenia Grillet, Jorge E Moreno, Juan V Hernández-Villena, Maria F Vincenti-González, Oscar Noya, Adriana Tami, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Martin Llewellyn, Rachel Lowe, Ananías A Escalante and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Territorial Persistence of ResidualTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
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  7. Population genomics ofScience (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Maria Eugenia GrilletLaboratorio de Biología de Vectores y Parásitos, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas, Venezuela.ORCID 0000-0003-2922-6751
Jorge E MorenoCentro de Investigaciones de Campo "Dr. Francesco Vitanza," Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Altos Estudios "Dr. Arnoldo Gabaldón," MPPS. Tumeremo, Bolívar, Venezuela.
Juan V Hernández-VillenaLaboratorio de Biología de Vectores y Parásitos, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas, Venezuela.
Maria F Vincenti-GonzálezDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen. Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1364-1774
Oscar NoyaInstituto de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas, Venezuela.
Adriana TamiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen. Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1918-9144
Alberto Paniz-MondolfiIncubadora Venezolana de la Ciencia-IDB. Barquisimeto, Venezuela.ORCID 0000-0003-1259-1736
Martin LlewellynInstitute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow. Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Rachel LoweCentre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-3939-7343
Ananías A EscalanteInstitute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University. Philadelphia, United States of America.
Jan E ConnGriffin Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health. Albany, New York, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-5301-7020

Funding

Sugar-feeding behavior of the malaria vector Nyssorhynchus darlingi and development of effective attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) to increase intervention success in PeruU19AI089681 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CONN, JAN E · 2010 to 2023
$20.1M
Latitudinal Landscape Genomics and Ecology of Anopheles DarlingiR01AI110112 · NIAID · WADSWORTH CENTER · PI CONN, JAN E · 2014 to 2024
$3.7M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI110112NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malaria elimination in Latin America is becoming an elusive goal. Malaria cases reached a historical ~1 million in 2017 and 2018, with Venezuela contributing 53% and 51% of those cases, respectively. Historically, malaria incidence in southern Venezuela has accounted for most of the country's total number of cases. The efficient deployment of disease prevention measures and prediction of disease spread to new regions requires an in-depth understanding of spatial heterogeneity on malaria transmission dynamics. Herein, we characterized the spatial epidemiology of malaria in southern Venezuela from 2007 through 2017 and described the extent to which malaria distribution has changed country-wide over the recent years. We found that disease transmission was focal and more prevalent in the southeast region of southern Venezuela where two persistent hotspots of Plasmodium vivax (76%) and P. falciparum (18%) accounted for ~60% of the total number of cases. Such hotspots are linked to deforestation as a consequence of illegal gold mining activities. Incidence has increased nearly tenfold over the last decade, showing an explosive epidemic growth due to a significant lack of disease control programs. Our findings highlight the importance of spatially oriented interventions to contain the ongoing malaria epidemic in Venezuela. This work also provides baseline epidemiological data to assess cross-border malaria dynamics and advocates for innovative control efforts in the Latin American region.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildEmigration and ImmigrationFemaleHumansIncidenceMalariaMalaria, FalciparumMalaria, VivaxMaleMiddle AgedPlasmodium vivaxSocioeconomic Factors

Identifiers

PMID33493212
PMCPMC7861532

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.