Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33493043›Full record

ArticleStroke2021

Why Are Women Less Represented in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Trials?

Tatiana Greige, Casey Norton, Lydia D Foster, Sharon D Yeatts, Andre Thornhill, Jessica Griffin, Jeffrey Wang, Courtney M Hrdlicka, Magdy Selim, iDEF Investigators*

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Stroke, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Tatiana GreigeDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (T.G., C.N., J.W., C.M.H., M.S.).
Casey NortonDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (T.G., C.N., J.W., C.M.H., M.S.).
Lydia D FosterData Coordination Unit, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (L.D.F., S.D.Y., A.T., J.G.).
Sharon D YeattsData Coordination Unit, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (L.D.F., S.D.Y., A.T., J.G.).
Andre ThornhillData Coordination Unit, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (L.D.F., S.D.Y., A.T., J.G.).
Jessica GriffinData Coordination Unit, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (L.D.F., S.D.Y., A.T., J.G.).
Jeffrey WangDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (T.G., C.N., J.W., C.M.H., M.S.).
Courtney M HrdlickaDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (T.G., C.N., J.W., C.M.H., M.S.).
Magdy SelimDivision of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (T.G., C.N., J.W., C.M.H., M.S.).
iDEF Investigators*
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USMedical University of South Carolina · US

Funding

StATins Use in intRacerebral hemorrhage patieNts (SATURN)U01NS102289 · NINDS · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI Magdy H Selim · 2019 to 2026
$15.7M
Workshop to Identify Collaborative Project(s) for the NIH StrokeNet and the Japan NEtwork for Clinical Stroke Trials (NECST)U01NS087748 · NINDS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI Catherine R. Dillon, Jordan J. Elm · 2014 to 2026
$14.1M
Futility Study of Deferoxamine Mesylate in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (i-DEF)U01NS074425 · NINDS · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI SELIM, MAGDY H · 2012 to 2016
$8.7M
NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS074425NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS087748NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS102289
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and purposeFewer women than men tend to be enrolled in clinical trials of intracerebral hemorrhage. It is unclear whether this reflects lower prevalence of intracerebral hemorrhage in women, selection bias, or poor recruitment efforts. We undertook this study to examine differences between men and women in the reasons for exclusion from the iDEF trial (Intracerebral Hemorrhage Deferoxamine).

methodsThe screen failure log included 29 different reasons for exclusion. Chi-square statistics were used to evaluate the differences in reasons for exclusion between men and women.

resultsA total of 38.2% of participants in iDEF were women. Three thousand nine hundred eighty-two women (45.7%) and 4736 men (54.3%) were screen failures (

conclusionsLower rates of women enrollment in the iDEF trial may be attributed to older age. Inability to obtain consent or declining participation was similar between women and men, arguing against selection bias. Our findings should be confirmed in other intracerebral hemorrhage trials to determine best strategies to improve women's representation in future trials.

Indexed as

BiasClinical Trials, Phase II as TopicPatient SelectionAdultAgedCerebral HemorrhageDeferoxamineDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedDeferoxamineconsentdeferoxamineprevalenceselection biassex

Identifiers

PMID33493043
PMCPMC7842663
OpenAlexW3125485335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.