ArticleThe Angle orthodontist2021
Cytotoxic evaluation of two orthodontic silver solder materials on human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells and the effects of antioxidant and antiapoptotic reagents.
Article in The Angle orthodontist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biocompatibility of three orthodontic silver solder materials: in vitro cytotoxicity testing.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Influence of pH on the release of nickel ions from fixed orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva.Journal of orthodontic science · 2024Article
- Oral Galvanism Side Effects: Comparing Alloy Ions and Galvanic Current Effects on the Mucosa-like Model.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Oxidative stress and genotoxicity in oral epithelial cells from subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Article
- Toxicity of Metal Ions Released from a Fixed Orthodontic Appliance to Gastrointestinal Tract Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cytotoxicity of Metal Ions Released from NiTi and Stainless Steel Orthodontic Appliances, Part 1: Surface Morphology and Ion Release Variations.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Minimization of Adverse Effects Associated with Dental Alloys.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Metal Release and Cytotoxicity of Different Orthodontic Bracket-Wire Combinations: AnJournal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the cytotoxicity effects of two different solder materials used for orthodontic appliances on human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLF) cells, and to determine whether the mechanism of toxicity may involve oxidative stress and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe silver solder samples (Leone and Summit) were soldered to orthodontic stainless steel bands and exposed to HPLF cells via cell culture inserts for 48 hours. Cytotoxicity effect of the soldered materials on HPLF cells was measured via tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay (n = 10/sample) and morphological observation. In addition, the mechanism of cytotoxicity of the most toxic silver solder was investigated using both a caspase inhibitor Z-VAL-Ala-Asp-flu-oromethylketone (ZVAD-fmk) and the free radical scavenger Trolox (n = 8/sample). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance with a Bonferroni test. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsCompared to the control (no treatment, cells only), both silver solders were cytotoxic (P < .001). The bands alone were significantly cytotoxic compared to the control. There was a significant difference in cytotoxicity between the stainless steel bands alone and the Summit silver solder (P < .001), but not the Leone silver solder. The Summit silver solder was more cytotoxic than the Leone silver solder (P < .05). MTT results were supported by the microscopic morphological changes of the HPLF cells. Neither ZVAD-fmk nor Trolox provided significant protection.
conclusionsThe two silver solder materials demonstrated different levels of cytotoxicity, and neither oxidative stress nor apoptosis is involved in the mechanism of cytotoxicity.
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Registered trials
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