Observational studyGlobal health action2021
Adaptation of WHO's generic tuberculosis patient cost instrument for a longitudinal study in Africa.
Observational study in Global health action, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic consequences of tuberculosis for households in Nigeria: a longitudinal patient cost survey within an intervention engaging informal health providers.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Understanding treatment initiation pathways and associated costs among people with pulmonary tuberculosis in a peri-urban area of Mozambique: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of drug-resistant tuberculosis on socio-economic status, quality of life and psychological well-being of patients in Bucharest, Romania: a prospective cohort study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Health-seeking behaviour and patient-related factors associated with the time to TB treatment initiation in four African countries: a cross-sectional survey.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Breaking barriers: The potential of nanosystems in antituberculosis therapy.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Socio-economic burden of TB and its impact on child contacts in The Gambia.Public health action · 2023Article
- Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to tuberculosis patient cost surveys using Nepalese data.Health policy and planning · 2023Article
- Post-TB health and wellbeing.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- The household economic burden of drug-susceptible TB diagnosis and treatment in The Gambia.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2022Observational
- Health-related quality of life and psychological distress among adults in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The WHO developed a generic 'TB patient cost survey' tool and a standardized approach to assess the direct and indirect costs of TB incurred by patients and their households, estimate the proportion of patients experiencing catastrophic costs, and measure the impact of interventions to reduce patient costs. While the generic tool is a facility-based cross-sectional survey, this standardized approach needs to be adapted for longitudinal studies. A longitudinal approach may overcome some of the limitations of a cross-sectional design and estimate the economic burden of TB more precisely. We describe the process of creating a longitudinal instrument and its application to the TB Sequel study, an ongoing multi-country, multi-center observational cohort study. We adapted the cross-sectional WHO generic TB patient cost survey instrument for the longitudinal study design of TB Sequel and the local context in each study country (South Africa, Mozambique, Tanzania, and The Gambia). The generic instrument was adapted for use at enrollment (start of TB treatment; Day 0) and at 2, 6, 12 and 24 months after enrollment, time points intended to capture costs incurred for diagnosis, during treatment, at the end of treatment, and during long-term follow-up once treatment has been completed. These time points make the adapted version suitable for use in patients with either drug-sensitive or drug-resistant TB. Using the adapted tool provides the opportunity to repeat measures and make comparisons over time, describe changes that extend beyond treatment completion, and link cost survey data to treatment outcomes and post-TB sequelae.
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