ReviewJournal of biological rhythms2021
Drivers of Infectious Disease Seasonality: Potential Implications for COVID-19.
Review in Journal of biological rhythms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The prevalence of adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and reinfection after recovery - a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of geo-environmental factors on global COVID-19 transmission: A review of evidence and methodology.The Science of the total environment · 2022Pooled it
- Optimal pooling strategies for respiratory virus testing: A comparative cost-effectiveness analysis.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Canonical fact versus hypothesis testing to decipher transmission of non-tuberculous and tuberculous mycobacteria: a comparative review.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Suppression of COVID-19 death incidence on open west coasts in the USA.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Monitoring OTC drug sales for early detection of respiratory infectious disease outbreaks.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Seasonal and periodic patterns in US COVID-19 mortality using the Variable Bandpass Periodic Block Bootstrap.PloS one · 2025Article
- One seasonal clock fits all?Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Seasonality of endemic COVID-19.mBio · 2023Article
- Delineating the Seasonality of Varicella and Its Association With Climate in the Tropical Country of Colombia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Charting the spatial dynamics of early SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Washington state.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Linkages between COVID-19, solar UV radiation, and the Montreal Protocol.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Trends in pediatric ambulatory community acquired infections before and during COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective multicentric surveillance study in France.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- Investigating the effects of absolute humidity and movement on COVID-19 seasonality in the United States.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Fitness consequences of chronic exposure to different light pollution wavelengths in nocturnal and diurnal rodents.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Modelling COVID-19 infection with seasonality in Zimbabwe.Physics and chemistry of the earth (2002) · 2022Article
- Article
- Circadian rhythms in infectious diseases and symbiosis.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Not 1 year has passed since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since its emergence, great uncertainty has surrounded the potential for COVID-19 to establish as a seasonally recurrent disease. Many infectious diseases, including endemic human coronaviruses, vary across the year. They show a wide range of seasonal waveforms, timing (phase), and amplitudes, which differ depending on the geographical region. Drivers of such patterns are predominantly studied from an epidemiological perspective with a focus on weather and behavior, but complementary insights emerge from physiological studies of seasonality in animals, including humans. Thus, we take a multidisciplinary approach to integrate knowledge from usually distinct fields. First, we review epidemiological evidence of environmental and behavioral drivers of infectious disease seasonality. Subsequently, we take a chronobiological perspective and discuss within-host changes that may affect susceptibility, morbidity, and mortality from infectious diseases. Based on photoperiodic, circannual, and comparative human data, we not only identify promising future avenues but also highlight the need for further studies in animal models. Our preliminary assessment is that host immune seasonality warrants evaluation alongside weather and human behavior as factors that may contribute to COVID-19 seasonality, and that the relative importance of these drivers requires further investigation. A major challenge to predicting seasonality of infectious diseases are rapid, human-induced changes in the hitherto predictable seasonality of our planet, whose influence we review in a final outlook section. We conclude that a proactive multidisciplinary approach is warranted to predict, mitigate, and prevent seasonal infectious diseases in our complex, changing human-earth system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.