ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020
Transgender Identity Is Associated With Bullying Involvement Among Finnish Adolescents.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Loneliness and Bullying by Siblings in Gender-Diverse Adolescents: Results From the Population-Based Generation R Study.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- Examining the relationship between perceived fear of pain and empathic tendencies of nursing students and the affecting factors: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Traditional bullying and cyberbullying at schools in Germany: Results of the HBSC study 2022 and trends from 2009/10 to 2022.Journal of health monitoring · 2024Article
- Gender differences in teenager bullying dynamics and predictors of peer-to-peer intimidation.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Article
- Gendered Differences in Experiences of Bullying and Mental Health Among Transgender and Cisgender Youth.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2023Article
- Higher Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Transgender Than in Cisgender Individuals: Results from a Single-Center Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Experiences of Being Bullied and the Quality of Life of Transgender Women in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand.Transgender health · 2023Article
- Family Characteristics, Transgender Identity and Emotional Symptoms in Adolescence: A Population Survey Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Young transgender individuals' lived experiences of facing life's challenges: a qualitative study in Iran.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Non-uptake of HIV testing among trans men and trans women: cross-sectional study of client records from 2017 to 2019 in a community-based transgender health center in Metro Manila, Philippines.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Attitudes toward Transsexuality, Empathy, and Bullying in Young Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Identity Integration in Adolescents With Features of Gender Dysphoria Compared to Adolescents in General Population.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Multidimensional and Intersectional Gender Identity and Sexual Attraction Patterns of Adolescents for Quantitative Research.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDuring adolescence, bullying often has a sexual content. Involvement in bullying as a bully, victim or both has been associated with a range of negative health outcomes. Transgender youth appear to face elevated rates of bullying in comparison to their mainstream peers. However, the involvement of transgender youth as perpetrators of bullying remains unclear in the recent literature.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to compare involvement in bullying between transgender and mainstream youth and among middle and late adolescents in a general population sample.
methodsOur study included 139,829 students in total, divided between a comprehensive school and an upper secondary education sample. Associations between gender identity and involvement in bullying were first studied using cross-tabulations with chi-square statistics. Logistic regression was used to study multivariate associations. Gender identity was used as the independent variable, with cisgender as the reference category. Subjection to and perpetration of bullying were entered each in turn as the dependent variable. Demographic factors, family characteristics, internalizing symptoms, externalizing behaviors, and involvement in bullying in the other role were added as confounding factors. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are given. The limit for statistical significance was set at
resultsBoth experiences of being bullied and perpetrating bullying were more commonly reported by transgender youth than by cisgender youth. Among transgender youth, all involvement in bullying was more commonly reported by non-binary youth than those identifying with the opposite sex. Logistic regression revealed that non-binary identity was most strongly associated with involvement in bullying, followed by opposite sex identity and cisgender identity. Transgender identities were also more strongly associated with perpetration of bullying than subjection to bullying.
conclusionTransgender identity, especially non-binary identity, is associated with both being bullied and perpetrating bullying even when a range of variables including internal stress and involvement in bullying in the opposite role are taken into account. This suggests that bullying during adolescence may serve as a mechanism of maintaining heteronormativity.
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Registered trials
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