Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33487638›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association2020

Incidence and risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow in baseball pitchers: a systematic review of the literature.

Chris Grant, Taylor Tuff, Melissa Corso, James J Young, Paula J Stern, Elie Côté, Pierre Côté

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Common Upper Extremity Injuries in Pediatric Athletes.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Chris GrantDivision of Graduate Studies, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
Taylor TuffDivision of Graduate Studies, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
Melissa CorsoDivision of Graduate Studies, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
James J YoungDivision of Graduate Studies, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
Paula J SternDivision of Graduate Studies, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
Elie CôtéDepartment of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Pierre CôtéFaculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada.
Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College · CACentre for Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine the incidence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow in baseball pitchers.

designSystematic review. DATA SOURCES: Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed and SportDiscus from onset to July 7, 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies. Independent pairs of reviewers screened titles and abstracts for eligibility. Relevant articles were critically appraised for internal validity using the SIGN criteria. We included low risk of bias studies in our best evidence synthesis.

resultsWe retrieved 4502 articles, 39 were critically appraised and nine had a low risk of bias. These were included in the evidence synthesis. The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow ranges from 2.3% in adolescent pitchers to 40.6% in youth pitchers. Evidence suggests that pitch characteristics, inadequate rest, biomechanical and anthropometric factors may be risk factors of UCL tears. SUMMARY/

conclusionBaseball pitchers develop musculoskeletal disorders of the elbow. There is little high-quality evidence to understand the etiology. Preliminary evidence suggests the risk factors are multifactorial.PROSPERO Trial Registration Number: CRD42018092081.

Indexed as

baseballelbowepidemiologyinjury

Identifiers

PMID33487638
PMCPMC7815176
OpenAlexW3125764319

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.