SynthesisInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2021
Effects of olfactory training on posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of olfactory training for chronic olfactory disorder following COVID-19: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Olfactory Dysfunction Following Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of olfactory training on posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2021Pooled it
- Partial Middle Turbinate Resection Versus Preservation on Olfactory Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-facialePooled it
- Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Exosome Olfactory Cleft Injection for Treating Traumatic Olfactory Dysfunction.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of Mechanical Nasal Stimulation on Olfaction.Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Cranial Nerve Dysfunction in Patients with an Occipital Condyle Fracture: Underdiagnosis and Clinical Relevance.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2025Article
- Olfactory training: perspective from people who were disturbed by their smell problems.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- Can immersive olfactory training serve as an alternative treatment for patients with smell dysfunction?Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2024Article
- The influence of olfactory experience on the birthrates of olfactory sensory neurons with specific odorant receptor identities.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2024Review
- The Role of the Stimulus in Olfactory Plasticity.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- The Olfactory System: Basic Anatomy and Physiology for General Otorhinolaryngologists.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2023Review
- Olfactory changes after endonasal endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid fistula repair: long-term outcomes.The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2023Article
- Overnight olfactory enrichment using an odorant diffuser improves memory and modifies the uncinate fasciculus in older adults.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction: a scoping review of assessment and rehabilitation approaches.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Predictive significance of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders-negative statements for olfactory loss in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Clinical significance of the cognition-related pathogenic proteins in plasma neuronal-derived exosomes among normal cognitive adults over 45 years old with olfactory dysfunction.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Research Progress of Olfactory Nerve Regeneration Mechanism and Olfactory Training.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPosttraumatic olfactory dysfunction is a clinical challenge due to refractory characteristics and limited therapeutic options. Olfactory training has been proved to be effective for olfactory dysfunction with varied etiologies. We pooled existing studies to evaluate the effects of olfactory training in patients with posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction.
methodsA systematic literature review using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted to identify studies assessing olfactory change in patients with posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction after olfactory training.
resultsOf the initial 812 abstracts reviewed, 13 full-text articles were included. Clinically significant results after olfactory training were defined as an improvement of threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) score ≥6 or University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) score ≥4. Six studies were included in the meta-analysis, 36.31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28 to 0.45) of posttraumatic patients would achieve clinically significant results after olfactory training with a mean increase of TDI score of 4.61.
conclusionOlfactory training might be a promising modality for the treatment of posttraumatic olfactory dysfunction. More high-quality studies with controls are needed to clarify the effect of olfactory training on total olfactory performance and subcomponents of olfaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.