ArticleBrain and behavior2021
Generalized neurocognitive impairment in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: The possible key role of slowed processing speed.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improving processing speed in adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis with the Specific COgnitive REmediation plus Surround (SCORES) intervention: Study protocol.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effect of prior beliefs and cognitive deficits on learning in first-episode schizophrenia patients.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2024Article
- Aberrant brain dynamics in individuals with clinical high risk of psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Developmental trajectories of premorbid functioning predict cognitive remediation treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Neurocognitive Deficits in First-Episode and Chronic Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review from 2009 to 2022.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Comparing a Computerized Digit Symbol Test to a Pen-and-Paper Classic.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2023Article
- Cognitive Dysfunction as a Risk Factor for Psychosis.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Premorbid adjustment associates with cognitive and functional deficits in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Generalized neurocognitive impairment in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis: The possible key role of slowed processing speed.Brain and behavior · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWidespread neurocognitive impairment is well-established in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for developing psychoses, but it is unknown whether slowed processing speed may underlie impairment in other neurocognitive domains, as found in schizophrenia. The study delineated domain functioning in a UHR sample and examined if neurocognitive slowing might account for deficits across domains.
methodsThe cross-sectional study included 50 UHR individuals with no (n = 38) or minimal antipsychotic exposure (n = 12; mean lifetime dose of haloperidol equivalent = 17.56 mg; SD = 13.04) and 50 matched healthy controls. Primary analyses compared group performance across neurocognitive domains before and after covarying for processing speed. To examine the specificity of processing speed effects, post hoc analyses examined the impact of the other neurocognitive domains and intelligence as covariates.
resultsUHR individuals exhibited significant impairment across all neurocognitive domains (all ps ≤ .010), with medium to large effect sizes (Cohen's ds = -0.53 to -1.12). Only processing speed used as covariate eliminated significant between-group differences in all other domains, reducing unadjusted Cohen's d values with 68% on average, whereas the other domains used as covariates averagely reduced unadjusted Cohen's d values with 20% to 48%. When covarying each of the other domains after their shared variance with speed of processing was removed, all significant between-group domain differences remained (all ps ≤ .024).
conclusionSlowed processing speed may underlie generalized neurocognitive impairment in UHR individuals and represent a potential intervention target.
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