ArticleJournal of ethnopharmacology2021
Dissecting the novel mechanism of reduning injection in treating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.
Article in Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of herbal medicines on the length of stay and negative conversion time/rate outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Severe or Critical COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Feasibility of the inhibitor development for SARS-CoV-2: a systematic approach for drug design.Journal of molecular modeling · 2025Article
- ReDuNing inhibits alveolar macrophage inflammation in LPS mice by activating JAK1/STAT3.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2025Article
- Network pharmacology predicts targets and pathways of herbal components for the treatment of pneumonia: A review.Medicine · 2025Review
- Comparative effectiveness of Chinese herbal injections treating for rotavirus enteritis in children: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Integrative medicine research · 2023Review
- Reduning alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by reducing apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Identification of phytochemicals in Qingfei Paidu decoction for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 by targeting the virus-host interactome.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Article
- Research and development of Chinese anti-COVID-19 drugs.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Severe Type of COVID-19: Pathogenesis, Warning Indicators and Treatment.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2022Review
- Advances in Pathogenesis, Progression, Potential Targets and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in SARS-CoV-2-Induced COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Chinese herbal injections for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A narrative review.Integrative medicine research · 2021Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine in COVID-19.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2021Review
- Re-Du-Ning injection ameliorates LPS-induced lung injury through inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps formation.Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2021Article
- Honeysuckle (Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Respiratory Viruses: A Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Herbal Medicine, Gut Microbiota, and COVID-19.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ethnopharmacological relevanceReduning injection (RDNI) is a patented Traditional Chinese medicine that contains three Chinese herbal medicines, respectively are the dry aboveground part of Artemisia annua L., the flower of Lonicera japonica Thunb., and the fruit Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis. RDNI has been recommended for treating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the "New Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan". AIM OF THE STUDY: To elucidate and verify the underlying mechanisms of RDNI for the treatment of COVID-19.
methodsThis study firstly performed anti-SARS-CoV-2 experiments in Vero E6 cells. Then, network pharmacology combined with molecular docking was adopted to explore the potential mechanisms of RDNI in the treatment for COVID-19. After that, western blot and a cytokine chip were used to validate the predictive results.
resultsWe concluded that half toxic concentration of drug CC50 (dilution ratio) = 1:1280, CC50 = 2.031 mg crude drugs/mL (0.047 mg solid content/mL) and half effective concentration of drug (EC50) (diluted multiples) = 1:25140.3, EC50 = 103.420 μg crude drugs/mL (2.405 μg solid content/mL). We found that RDNI can mainly regulate targets like carbonic anhydrases (CAs), matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) and pathways like PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Forkhead box O s and T cell receptor signaling pathways to reduce lung damage. We verified that RDNI could effectively inhibit the overexpression of MAPKs, PKC and p65 nuclear factor-κB. The injection could also affect cytokine levels, reduce inflammation and display antipyretic activity.
conclusionRDNI can regulate ACE2, Mpro and PLP in COVID-19. The underlying mechanisms of RDNI in the treatment for COVID-19 may be related to the modulation of the cytokine levels and inflammation and its antipyretic activity by regulating the expression of MAPKs, PKC and p65 nuclear factor NF-κB.
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