ArticleDevelopmental biology2021
Nutrient availability contributes to a graded refractory period for regeneration in Xenopus tropicalis.
Article in Developmental biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycolytic suppression of cell adhesion promotes thyroid morphogenesis in response to nutrition.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Regrowing the growth zone: metamorphosis kickstarts regeneration in the annelid Capitella teleta.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Microbiome modulation in regeneration in jellyfish.PloS one · 2026Article
- Mechanisms underpinning spontaneous spinal cord regeneration.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Developmental onset of planarian whole-body regeneration depends on axis reset.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Digit regeneration is expedited in LG/J healer mice compared to SM/J non-healer mice.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Tail Tales: What We Have Learned About Regeneration from Xenopus Laevis Tadpoles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pathway to Independence: the future of developmental biology.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Insulin-like growth factor receptor / mTOR signaling elevates global translation to accelerate zebrafish fin regenerative outgrowth.Developmental biology · 2023Article
- Mammalian organ regeneration in spiny mice.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2023Review
- Polyploidy in Xenopus lowers metabolic rate by decreasing total cell surface area.Current biology : CB · 2023Article
- Thyroid hormone receptor knockout prevents the loss of Xenopus tail regeneration capacity at metamorphic climax.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- To regenerate or not to regenerate: Vertebrate model organisms of regeneration-competency and -incompetency.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2022Review
- Elevated pentose phosphate pathway flux supports appendage regeneration.Cell reports · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Xenopus tadpoles are a unique model for regeneration in that they exhibit two distinct phases of age-specific regenerative competence. In Xenopus laevis, young tadpoles fully regenerate following major injuries such as tail transection, then transiently lose regenerative competence during the "refractory period" from stages 45-47. Regenerative competence is then regained in older tadpoles before being permanently lost during metamorphosis. Here we show that a similar refractory period exists in X. tropicalis. Notably, tadpoles lose regenerative competence gradually in X. tropicalis, with full regenerative competence lost at stage 47. We find that the refractory period coincides closely with depletion of maternal yolk stores and the onset of independent feeding, and so we hypothesized that it might be caused in part by nutrient stress. In support of this hypothesis, we find that cell proliferation declines throughout the tail as the refractory period approaches. When we block nutrient mobilization by inhibiting mTOR signaling, we find that tadpole growth and regeneration are reduced, while yolk stores persist. Finally, we are able to restore regenerative competence and cell proliferation during the refractory period by abundantly feeding tadpoles. Our study argues that nutrient stress contributes to lack of regenerative competence and introduces the X. tropicalis refractory period as a valuable new model for interrogating how metabolic constraints inform regeneration.
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