ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2021
Levamisole and ANCA positivity in childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complications of levamisole therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome: a retrospective study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and types of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with nephrotic syndrome treated with levamisole.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in children with nephrotic syndrome treated with levamisole: a cross-sectional cohort study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Observational
- Levamisole causes a transient increase in plasma creatinine levels but does not affect kidney function based on cystatin C.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- Late Onset of ANCA Vasculitis as a Side Effect of Levamisole Treatment in Nephrotic Syndrome.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of ANCA positivity in children managed with levamisole as a steroid-sparing agent for nephrotic syndrome (NS).
methodsMedical records of children with steroid-sensitive NS managed with levamisole therapy at Sydney Children's Hospital between 1/1/2000 and 31/12/2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcome measure was side effects of levamisole therapy including ANCA positivity.
resultsSeventy-one children, median age 3 years and 1 month (IQR 29-68 months) at first presentation, were subsequently managed with levamisole. 60.6% were male and 65% Caucasian. 47.9% had frequently relapsing (FR)NS and 52.1% steroid-dependent (SD)NS. Overall, there was a median reduction in relapses from 3 (IQR 1-5) to 0.4 relapses (IQR 0-1) per year after levamisole was commenced. Levamisole was successful in preventing relapse in 19 (29%) patients and was used for median 24 (22 to 25) months. Levamisole was discontinued due to relapse in 25 patients (38%) after median 12 (5-28) months. Side effects occurred in 28 patients (42.4%); the most common side effect was ANCA positivity in 12 patients. In eleven of these patients, levamisole was discontinued; in one patient, low-level titres were documented and spontaneously resolved without cessation of levamisole. Two patients developed ANCA-associated vasculitis.
conclusionANCA positivity is a common side effect of levamisole and was seen in 18.2% of our patients. Monitoring is required to determine side effects including ANCA positivity and treatment modified accordingly.
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