ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021
Elucidating the relationship between white matter structure, demographic, and clinical variables in schizophrenia-a multicenter harmonized diffusion tensor imaging study.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis and systematic review of single vs. multimodal neuroimaging techniques in the classification of psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Disentangling white matter correlates of symptom severity and general impairment in early psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- An ENIGMA Consortium study of the relationship between white matter microstructure and positive and negative symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Common and unique white matter fractional anisotropy patterns in patients with schizophrenia with medication-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations: a retrospective tract-based spatial statistics study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Support vector machine-based classification of bulimia nervosa using diffusion tensor imaging.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A narrative literature review of white matter microstructure in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.Psychoradiology · 2025Review
- Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) activity, hippocampal extracellular free water, and cognitive deficits are associated with each other in early phase psychosis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Psychosis superspectrum II: neurobiology, treatment, and implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Harmonized diffusion MRI data and white matter measures from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Scientific data · 2024Article
- Cortical Network Disruption Is Minimal in Early Stages of Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Shared and distinct white matter abnormalities in adolescent-onset schizophrenia and adolescent-onset psychotic bipolar disorder.Psychological medicine · 2023Article
- Characterization of the extracellular free water signal in schizophrenia using multi-site diffusion MRI harmonization.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Serum cortisol and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Redefining the Cut-Off Ranges for TSH Based on the Clinical Picture, Results of Neuroimaging and Laboratory Tests in Unsupervised Cluster Analysis as Individualized Diagnosis of Early Schizophrenia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Closing the life-cycle of normative modeling using federated hierarchical Bayesian regression.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
30 authors at 16 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
White matter (WM) abnormalities are repeatedly demonstrated across the schizophrenia time-course. However, our understanding of how demographic and clinical variables interact, influence, or are dependent on WM pathologies is limited. The most well-known barriers to progress are heterogeneous findings due to small sample sizes and the confounding influence of age on WM. The present study leverages access to the harmonized diffusion magnetic-resonance-imaging data and standardized clinical data from 13 international sites (597 schizophrenia patients (SCZ)). Fractional anisotropy (FA) values for all major WM structures in patients were predicted based on FA models estimated from a healthy population (n = 492). We utilized the deviations between predicted and real FA values to answer three essential questions. (1) "Which clinical variables explain WM abnormalities?". (2) "Does the degree of WM abnormalities predict symptom severity?". (3) "Does sex influence any of those relationships?". Regression and mediator analyses revealed that a longer duration-of-illness is associated with more severe WM abnormalities in several tracts. In addition, they demonstrated that a higher antipsychotic medication dose is related to more severe corpus callosum abnormalities. A structural equation model revealed that patients with more WM abnormalities display higher symptom severity. Last, the results exhibited sex-specificity. Males showed a stronger association between duration-of-illness and WM abnormalities. Females presented a stronger association between WM abnormalities and symptom severity, with IQ impacting this relationship. Our findings provide clear evidence for the interaction of demographic, clinical, and behavioral variables with WM pathology in SCZ. Our results also point to the need for longitudinal studies, directly investigating the casualty and sex-specificity of these relationships, as well as the impact of cognitive resiliency on structure-function relationships.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.