Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33483540›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

A directional 3D neurite outgrowth model for studying motor axon biology and disease.

Xandor M Spijkers, Svetlana Pasteuning-Vuhman, Jennifa C Dorleijn, Paul Vulto, Nienke R Wevers, R Jeroen Pasterkamp

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  5. Advancing organ-on-chip systems: the role of microfluidics in neuro-cardiac research.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025
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  6. "ArmedFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  7. In Vitro Models for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
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  11. Article
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  13. Article
  14. Organ-on-a-chip models for development of cancer immunotherapies.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023
    Review
  15. Review
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  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xandor M SpijkersMIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Svetlana Pasteuning-VuhmanDepartment of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Jennifa C DorleijnMIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Paul VultoMIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands. p.vulto@mimetas.com.
Nienke R WeversMIMETAS BV, Organ-On-a-Chip Company, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
R Jeroen PasterkampDepartment of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands. r.j.pasterkamp@umcutrecht.nl.
University Medical Center Utrecht · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NLUtrecht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report a method to generate a 3D motor neuron model with segregated and directed axonal outgrowth. iPSC-derived motor neurons are cultured in extracellular matrix gel in a microfluidic platform. Neurons extend their axons into an adjacent layer of gel, whereas dendrites and soma remain predominantly in the somal compartment, as verified by immunofluorescent staining. Axonal outgrowth could be precisely quantified and was shown to respond to the chemotherapeutic drug vincristine in a highly reproducible dose-dependent manner. The model was shown susceptible to excitotoxicity upon exposure with excess glutamate and showed formation of stress granules upon excess glutamate or sodium arsenite exposure, mimicking processes common in motor neuron diseases. Importantly, outgrowing axons could be attracted and repelled through a gradient of axonal guidance cues, such as semaphorins. The platform comprises 40 chips arranged underneath a microtiter plate providing both throughput and compatibility to standard laboratory equipment. The model will thus prove ideal for studying axonal biology and disease, drug discovery and regenerative medicine.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalNeuritesAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsAxonsBiocompatible MaterialsCells, CulturedGlutamic AcidInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMicrofluidicsMotor NeuronsVincristineAntineoplastic AgentsBiocompatible MaterialsGlutamic AcidVincristine

Identifiers

PMID33483540
PMCPMC7822896
OpenAlexW3122223582

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.