Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33482927›Full record

Trial reportBMC psychology2021

Mechanisms of change and heterogeneous treatment effects in psychodynamic and cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial.

J I Røssberg, J Evensen, T Dammen, T Wilberg, O Klungsøyr, M Jones, E Bøen, R Egeland, R Breivik, A Løvgren and 1 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03022071 nacompletednot on this map

What Works for Whom and How? Mechanisms of Change in Psychotherapy

TypeinterventionalSponsorOslo University HospitalRan2017 to 2023Enrolled100ConditionsDepressionArmsCognitive behavior therapy
NCT05270655 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Effects of a Cognitive-behavioural Intervention on Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life Among Ethiopian Children With Haematological Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy.

TypeinterventionalSponsorChinese University of Hong KongRan2022 to 2022Enrolled76ConditionsHematologic Malignancy, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of LifeArmsCognitive-behavioural intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. What Is Precision Psychotherapy?The Journal of medicine and philosophy · 2026
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  14. The Synergistic Process of Improvement in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depression.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

J I RøssbergDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway. j.i.rossberg@medisin.uio.no.
J EvensenNydalen Outpatient Clinic, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
T DammenDepartment of Behavioural Science in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
T WilbergDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
O KlungsøyrDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
M JonesDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
E BøenDepartment of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
R EgelandDepartment of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
R BreivikDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
A LøvgrenDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4959, 0424, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
R UlbergInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1171, 0318, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition associated with significant disability, mortality and economic burden. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT) are found to be equally effective for patients with depression. However, many patients do not respond sufficiently to either treatment. To offer individualized treatment, we need to know if some patients benefit more from one of the two therapies. At present little is known about what patient characteristics (moderators) may be associated with differential outcomes of CBT and PDT, and through what therapeutic processes and mechanisms (mediators) improvements occur in each therapy mode. Presently only theoretical assumptions, sparsely supported by research findings, describe what potentially moderates and mediates the treatment effects of CBT and PDT. The overall aim of this study is to examine theoretically derived putative moderators and mediators in CBT and PDT and strengthen the evidence base about for whom and how these treatments works in a representative sample of patients with MDD.

methodsOne hundred patients with a diagnosis of MDD will be randomized to either CBT or PDT. Patients will be treated over 28 weeks with either CBT (one weekly session over 16 weeks and three monthly booster sessions) or PDT (one weekly session over 28 weeks). The patients will be evaluated at baseline, during the course of therapy, at the end of therapy, and at follow-up investigations 1 and 3 years post treatment. A large range of patient and observer rated questionnaires (specific preselected putative moderators and mediators) are included. DISCUSSION: The clinical outcome of this study may better guide clinicians when deciding what kind of treatment any individual patient should be offered. Moreover, the study aims to further our knowledge of what mechanisms lead to symptom improvement and increased psychosocial functioning.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03022071.

Indexed as

Cognitive Behavioral TherapyHumansMajor Depressive DisorderPsychotherapy, PsychodynamicTreatment OutcomeCognitive behavioral therapyMajor depressive disorderMediatorsModeratorsPsychodynamic therapy

Identifiers

PMID33482927
PMCPMC7821688

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.