SynthesisJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2021
Risk factors of postoperative delirium in the knee and hip replacement patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05537155 (Buccal Acupuncture for Delirium Treatment in Older Patients Recovering From Orthopedic Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 41 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Buccal Acupuncture for Delirium Treatment in Older Patients Recovering From Orthopedic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between hyperlipidemia and postoperative delirium risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing orthopedic procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of obstructive sleep apnea on postoperative delirium: a system review and meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- The risk factors of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: an updated meta-analysis.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2023Pooled it
- Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery: a prospective randomized trial.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Trial
- Penehyclidine for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery Under Combined Intravenous and Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Trial
- Penehyclidine for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.Journal of anesthesia · 2022Trial
- Article
- Risk factors for delirium after hip arthroplasty: An umbrella meta-analysis.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Relevance and Feasibility of a "Geriatric Delirium Pass" for Older Patients with Elective Surgeries: Findings from a Multi-Methods Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effect of Remimazolam on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Surgical Patients: A Critical Review of Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Reduces the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- A machine-learning-assisted logistic regression model for predicting post-operative delirium in older adults undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Preoperative electroacupuncture for prevention of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing total knee arthroplasty: protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Comparison of midazolam and dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing total knee replacement under spinal anesthesia.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Developing a nomogram for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Effects of Remimazolam and Inhalational Anesthetics on the Incidence of Postoperative Hyperactive Delirium in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Hip or Femur Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe risk factors of postoperative delirium (POD), a serious while preventable complication, developed by patients undergoing knee and replacement surgery are still under investigation. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified risk factors associated with POD in knee and hip replacement.
methodsPubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBASE were used to identify original researches. The studies evaluating the risk factors of POD after knee and hip replacement were reviewed, and the qualities of the included studies were assessed with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were extracted, pooled, and a meta-analysis was completed
resultTwenty-two studies were finally included with a total of 11934 patients who underwent knee or hip replacement and 1841 developed POD with an incidence of 17.6% (95% confidential interval (CI) 13.2-22.0%). Eighteen significant risk factors were identified including advanced age (odds ratio (OR) 1.15 95% CI 1.08-1.22), cognitive impairment (OR 6.84, 95% CI 3.27-14.33), history of cerebrovascular events (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.28-4.91), knee replacement (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.00-2.02), blood loss (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.30, 95% CI 0.15-0.44), dementia (OR 3.09, 95% CI 2.10-4.56), neurologic disorders (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.23-4.15), psychiatric illness (OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.34-5.62), and obstructive sleep apnea (OR 4.17, 95% CI 1.72-10.09) along with several comorbidity evaluation scores and laboratory markers.
conclusionWe identified risk factors consistently associated with the incidence of POD in knee and hip replacement. Strategies and interventions should be implemented to the patients receiving knee or hip replacement with potential risk factors identified in this meta-analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.