ArticleBMC public health2021
Effects of effort-reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and work engagement on self-rated health among healthcare workers.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Counterintuitive consequences of COVID-19 on healthcare workers: A meta-analysis of the relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of effort-reward imbalance with fingernail cortisol levels in apparel manufacturing workers.Industrial health · 2026Article
- Effort-reward imbalance and self-rated health with the mediating role of sleep quality and physical activity among healthcare workers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- From the goodness of our hearts: a scoping review of qualitative literature on altruism as a reward mechanism for nursing.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of depressive symptoms and work-ralated psychoacial factors among healthcare workers.Discover mental health · 2026Review
- The Body Knows What the Mind Does Not: Uncertainty Affects Physiological Markers of Deception.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- How Anxiety Shapes Students' Self-Rated Health at Elite Universities: A Longitudinal Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Work engagement and associated factors of nurses: a structural equation model.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Association between uncertainty stress and self-rated health among Chinese healthcare professionals: a nationwide cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The relationship between effort-reward imbalance and presenteeism among nurses: a cross-sectional study from China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Towards Differentiated Management: The Role of Organizational Type and Work Position in Shaping Employee Engagement Among Slovak Healthcare Professionals.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effort-reward imbalance, subjective sleep quality, and inflammation in female nurses at a tertiary hospital: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors Affecting Cypriot Nurses' Roles in the Care and Education of Patients with CKD: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The effect of Effort-Reward imbalance on job performance among primary healthcare professionals: the mediating roles of social support and resilience.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Between Care and Mental Health: Experiences of Managers and Workers on Leadership, Organizational Dimensions, and Gender Inequalities in Hospital Work.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- From hesitation to participation: a narrative review of facilitators and barriers for healthcare professionals' engagement in medical education research.BMC medical education · 2025Review
- Reward frustration and withdrawal from work in health care-a cross-sectional study among health professionals.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Relationships between individual attitudes and occupational stress. A cross-sectional study.AIMS public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHealthcare workers, who protect and improve the health of individuals, are critical to the success of health systems and achieving national and global health goals. To respond effectively to the healthcare needs of populations, healthcare workers themselves must be in a good state of health. However, healthcare workers face various psychosocial pressures, including having to work night shifts, long working hours, demands of patient care, medical disputes, workplace violence, and emotional distress due to poor interactions with patients and colleagues, and poor promotion prospects. Constant exposure to these psychosocial hazards adversely impacts healthcare workers' health. Consequently, this study aimed to examine the influence of effort-reward imbalance, job satisfaction, and work engagement on self-rated health of healthcare workers. The results would be conducive to providing policy guidance to improve the health of healthcare workers.
methodsWe analysed the data of 1327 participants from The Chinese Sixth National Health and Services Survey in Sichuan Province that was conducted from August 2018 to October 2018. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized relationships among the variables.
resultsOnly 40.1% of healthcare workers rated their health as 'relatively good' or 'good'. Effort-reward imbalance had a significant negative correlation with self-rated health (β = - 0.053, 95% CI [- 0.163, - 0.001]). The associations of effort-reward imbalance and work engagement with self-rated health were both mediated by job satisfaction (95% CI [- 0.150, - 0.050] and [0.011, 0.022]), and work engagement mediated the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and self-rated health (95% CI [- 0.064, - 0.008]).
conclusionIn order to improve the health of healthcare workers, administrators should balance effort and reward and provide opportunities for career development and training. In addition, health managers should help healthcare workers realize the significance and value of their work and keep them actively devoted to their work through incentive mechanisms.
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