Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33482771›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2021

Depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life in a large sample of patients suffering from head and neck cancer in comparison with the general population.

C Hammermüller, A Hinz, A Dietz, G Wichmann, M Pirlich, T Berger, K Zimmermann, T Neumuth, A Mehnert-Theuerkauf, S Wiegand and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Predictors of survival among head and neck cancer patients after radiotherapy based on health-related quality of life indices and symptoms-specific outcomes: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Pooled it
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  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Depressive symptoms and perceived stress in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy: A longitudinal study.European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society · 2026
    Article
  8. Decisional Conflict in Palliative Head and Neck Cancer Patients.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  9. Multidomain predictors of long-term work disability in late survivorship after head and neck cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Caregiver health literacy in head and neck cancer and its relationship with caregiver and patient psychological distress.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  12. Observational
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  15. Physical activity in people affected by head and neck cancers: gender-specific barriers and preferences-ORLAPA survey results.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Pre-radiotherapy multidisciplinary survivorship care and patient-reported outcomes in head and neck cancer survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

C HammermüllerClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
A HinzDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
A DietzClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
G WichmannClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
M PirlichClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
T BergerClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
K ZimmermannClinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
T NeumuthInnovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery (ICCAS), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
A Mehnert-TheuerkaufDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
S Wiegand *Clinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
V Zebralla *Clinic of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Veit.zebralla@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTreatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) often leads to visible and severe functional impairments. In addition, patients often suffer from a variety of psychosocial problems, significantly associated with a decreased quality of life. We aimed to compare depression, anxiety, fatigue and quality of life (QoL) between HNC patients and a large sample of the general population in Germany and to examine the impact of sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical factors on these symptoms.

methodsWe assessed data of HNC patients during the aftercare consultation at the Leipzig University Medical Center with a patient reported outcome (PRO) tool named "OncoFunction". Depression, anxiety, fatigue and QoL were assessed using validated outcome measures including the PHQ-9, the GAD-2, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire.

resultsA total of 817 HNC patients were included in our study and compared to a sample of 5018 individuals of the general German population. HNC patients showed significantly higher levels of impairment in all dimensions assessed. Examination of association between depression, anxiety, fatigue and QoL and clinical as well as sociodemographic variables showed significant relationships between occupational status, ECOG-state, body mass index and time since diagnosis.

conclusionsHNC patients suffer significantly from psychological distress. The used questionnaires are suitable for the use in daily routine practice and can be helpful to increase the detection of depression, anxiety and fatigue and therefore can improve HNC aftercare.

Indexed as

AgedAnxietyCase-Control StudiesDepressionFatigueFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGermanyHead and Neck NeoplasmsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisQuality of LifeRetrospective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesAftercareDepressionFatigueHead neck cancer (HNC)Quality of life (QOL)Survivorship

Identifiers

PMID33482771
PMCPMC7825198

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.