ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2021
Deaf Children of Hearing Parents Have Age-Level Vocabulary Growth When Exposed to American Sign Language by 6 Months of Age.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impacts of hearing history, etiology, vestibular and balance function, and socioeconomic marginalization on developmental outcomes in children with cochlear implants.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Vocabulary Acquisition Persist Under Variable Language Experience.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Parents align American Sign Language (ASL) input with deaf children's gaze.Language acquisition · 2026Article
- Navigating sign language learning: insights from hearing parents of deaf and hard-of-hearing children.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2025Article
- Presenting the Signers' Eye-movements in English Reading (SEER) Corpus: An eye-tracking dataset of reading behaviors by deaf early signers and hearing non-signers.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Language and Cognitive Development in Bimodal Bilingual Deaf Children in Hearing Families: Three Case Studies.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Variability in Language and Literacy Outcomes Among Deaf Elementary Students in a National Sample.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early Access to Sign Language Boosts the Development of Serial Working Memory in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- "At home, I never felt included, I always felt on the outside": Deaf peoples' perspectives on how inadequate access to childhood communication influences mental health outcomes.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploration of parental perspectives and involvement in therapeutic communication approaches for deaf and/or hard-of-hearing children at special schools in South Africa.Medical humanities · 2025Article
- Early Production of Imperceptible Words by Infants and Toddlers Born Deaf or Blind.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2025Article
- Hearing parents as sign language learners: Describing and evaluating the ASL skills of parents learning ASL with their deaf children.Journal of multilingual and multicultural development · 2025Article
- Some Challenging Questions About Outcomes in Children With Cochlear Implants.Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups · 2024Article
- Expressive vocabulary word categories of children who are deaf and hard-of-hearing.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2024Article
- Touch to learn: Multisensory input supports word learning and processing.Developmental science · 2024Article
- Hearing parents learning American Sign Language with their deaf children: a mixed-methods survey.Applied linguistics review · 2024Article
- Parent American Sign Language skills correlate with child-but not toddler-ASL vocabulary size.Language acquisition · 2024Article
- Ten things you should know about sign languages.Current directions in psychological science · 2023Article
- Deaf and Hearing American Sign Language-English Bilinguals: Typical Bilingual Language Development.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2023Article
- Learning a Sign Language Does Not Hinder Acquisition of a Spoken Language.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether children who are deaf or hard of hearing who have hearing parents can develop age-level vocabulary skills when they have early exposure to a sign language. STUDY
designThis cross-sectional study of vocabulary size included 78 children who are deaf or hard of hearing between 8 and 68 months of age who were learning American Sign Language (ASL) and had hearing parents. Children who were exposed to ASL before 6 months of age or between 6 and 36 months of age were compared with a reference sample of 104 deaf and hard of hearing children who have parents who are deaf and sign.
resultsDeaf and hard of hearing children with hearing parents who were exposed to ASL in the first 6 months of life had age-expected receptive and expressive vocabulary growth. Children who had a short delay in ASL exposure had relatively smaller expressive but not receptive vocabulary sizes, and made rapid gains.
conclusionsAlthough hearing parents generally learn ASL alongside their children who are deaf, their children can develop age-expected vocabulary skills when exposed to ASL during infancy. Children who are deaf with hearing parents can predictably and consistently develop age-level vocabularies at rates similar to native signers; early vocabulary skills are robust predictors of development across domains.
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Registered trials
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