SynthesisPloS one2021
A systematic review and meta-analysis of victimisation and mental health prevalence among LGBTQ+ young people with experiences of self-harm and suicide.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Instruments Used to Measure Sexual Identity Minority Stress: A COSMIN Systematic Review.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Emotion Regulation Differences Between Gender and Sexuality Groups: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence, severity and risk factors for mental disorders among sexual and gender minority young people: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence, severity and risk factors of psychiatric disorders amongst sexual and gender diverse young people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.Clinical child psychology and psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Risk and Protective Factors of Self-harm and Suicidality in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review with Meta-Analysis.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2024Pooled it
- The barriers and facilitators to the reporting and recording of self-harm in young people aged 18 and under: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- The longitudinal course of childhood bullying victimization and associations with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in children and young people: A systematic review of the literature.Journal of adolescence · 2023Pooled it
- Mental health disparities in LGBTQIA+ populations: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Negotiating Multiple Minoritised Identities: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Intersecting Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours Among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Young Adults.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- Mental Health Service Use in Sexually and Gender Diverse Youths and Cisgender Heterosexual Youths.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Article
- Bullying and co-occurring psychological distress, self-harm and attempted suicide in adolescents - health inequalities by sexual identity.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Using Digital Mental Health and Measurement-Based Care With Youth Experiencing Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: Qualitative Study of Clinician Barriers and Facilitators.JMIR human factors · 2026Article
- Article
- Minority joy, minority growth, and minority peace: Transgender and gender diverse people's varied positive lived experiences.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Irreconcilable differences?: epistemic injustice and the integration of mental healthcare for LGBTQ+ young people.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exposure to multifaceted violence and subjective health complaints in adolescents: the remit of school health services, a cross-sectional study in Sweden.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Measurement instruments for sexual identity minority stress in adults: A scoping review.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Black LGBTQ+ Young Adults.North Carolina medical journal · 2025Article
- Urgent Need to Focus on Gender-Diverse Adolescents in Mental Health Prevention Research: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLGBTQ+ youth have higher rates of self-harm and suicide than cisgender, heterosexual peers. Less is known about prevalence of risks within these populations.
objectivesThe first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of risks among young people throughout the LGBTQ+ umbrella with experiences across the dimension of self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide behaviour; and how they may differ between LGBTQ+ umbrella groups. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science searches were run to identify quantitative research papers (database inception to 31st January, 2020). STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Articles included were empirical quantitative studies, which examined risks associated with self-harm, suicidal ideation or suicidal behaviour in LGBTQ+ young people (12-25 years). SYNTHESIS
methods2457 articles were identified for screening which was completed by two independent reviewers. 104 studies met inclusion criteria of which 40 had data which could be meta-analysed in a meaningful way. This analysis represents victimisation and mental health difficulties as risks among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm and suicide experiences. Random-effects modelling was used for the main analyses with planned subgroup analyses.
resultsVictimisation and mental health were key risk factors across the dimension self-harm and suicide identified through all analyses. A pooled prevalence of 0.36 was indicated for victimisation and 0.39 for mental health difficulties within LGBTQ+ young people with experiences of self-harm or suicide. Odds ratios were calculated which demonstrated particularly high levels of victimisation (3.74) and mental health difficulties (2.67) when compared to cisgender, heterosexual counterparts who also had these experiences.
conclusionsVictimisation and mental health difficulties are highly prevalent among LGBTQ+ youth with experiences of self-harm and suicide. Due to inconsistency of reporting, further risk synthesis is limited. Given the global inclusion of studies, these results can be considered across countries and inform policy and suicide prevention initiatives. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019130037.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.