ArticleEuropean journal of public health2021
Demographic and public health characteristics explain large part of variability in COVID-19 mortality across countries.
Article in European journal of public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Demographic study of patients' mortality rate before and after the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Post-COVID-19 health inequalities: Estimates of the potential loss in the evolution of the health-related SDGs indicators.PloS one · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Global Health Security Index as a predictor of COVID-19 excess mortality standardised for under-reporting and age structure.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- What is the optimal country for minimum COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates?Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- COVID-19 precautionary behaviors and vaccine acceptance among older individuals: The role of close kin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- A large-scale machine learning study of sociodemographic factors contributing to COVID-19 severity.Frontiers in big data · 2023Article
- A reflection on health and disease amid COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2022Article
- Close kin influence COVID-19 precautionary behaviors and vaccine acceptance of older individuals.Research square · 2022Article
- Ecological Model Explaining the Psychosocial Adaptation to COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Older Europeans' health perception and their adaptive behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic.European journal of public health · 2022Article
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- Country-level and regional COVID-19 burden and determinants across OECD member states and partner countries.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Predictors of COVID-19 epidemics in countries of the World Health Organization African Region.Nature medicine · 2021Article
- An international comparison of age and sex dependency of COVID-19 deaths in 2020: a descriptive analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A nationwide analysis of population group differences in the COVID-19 epidemic in Israel, February 2020-February 2021.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Variability Within European Countries Sourced From ECDC Data. Is Variability Explained by Specific Country Policies?Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Stochastic Dynamics of the COVID-19 Case-Fatality Ratios in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines: Economic Implications for the Post-COVID-19 Era.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
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2 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe numbers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths per million people differ widely across countries. Often, the causal effects of interventions taken by authorities are unjustifiably concluded based on the comparison of pure mortalities in countries where interventions consisting different strategies have been taken. Moreover, the possible effects of other factors are only rarely considered.
methodsWe used data from open databases (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, World Bank Open Data, The BCG World Atlas) and publications to develop a model that could largely explain the differences in cumulative mortality between countries using non-interventional (mostly socio-demographic) factors.
resultsStatistically significant associations with the logarithmic COVID-19 mortality were found with the following: proportion of people aged 80 years and above, population density, proportion of urban population, gross domestic product, number of hospital beds per population, average temperature in March and incidence of tuberculosis. The final model could explain 67% of the variability. This finding could also be interpreted as follows: less than a third of the variability in logarithmic mortality differences could be modified by diverse non-pharmaceutical interventions ranging from case isolation to comprehensive measures, constituting case isolation, social distancing of the entire population and closure of schools and borders.
conclusionsIn particular countries, the number of people who will die from COVID-19 is largely given by factors that cannot be drastically changed as an immediate reaction to the pandemic and authorities should focus on modifiable variables, e.g. the number of hospital beds.
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