ArticleScientific reports2021
Effects of physical exercise on macular vessel density and choroidal thickness in children.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise and visual training interventions for myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review with a focus on near-far accommodation.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Light Intensity and the Timing of Light Exposure on Choroidal Thickness.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Trial
- Validation of a Multimodal Wearable Device for Assessing Environmental and Behavioral Risk Factors of Myopia in Children and Adolescents.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Robust and interpretable unit level causal inference in neural networks for pediatric myopia.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between Intraocular Pressure Changes and Optic Nerve Head and Macular Perfusion Parameters During Isometric Exercise: OCTA Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Short-Term Choroidal and Retinal Structural Changes in Myopic Children Treated with 0.05% Atropine.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Smartwatch-monitored physical activity and myopia in children: a 2-year prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of different forms of exercise on intraocular pressure, blood flow, and the risk for primary open angle glaucoma.European journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Tropicamide-Phenylephrine Mydriatic Eye Drop Instillation on Choroidal Thickness.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Towards modifying the genetic predisposition for glaucoma: An overview of the contribution and interaction of genetic and environmental factors.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2023Review
- The Association of Physical Activity with Glaucoma and Related Traits in the UK Biobank.Ophthalmology · 2023Observational
- The assessment of acute chorioretinal changes due to intensive physical exercise in young adults.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We used swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) to investigate the effects of moderate physical exercise on retinal and choroidal vessel densities (VDs) and thicknesses in children. One eye in each of 40 myopic children (mean age, 11.70 years) and 18 emmetropic children (mean age, 11.06 years) were included. SS-OCT 6 × 6-mm radial scans and SS-OCTA 3 × 3-mm images were centered on the macula. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded before and immediately after a 20-min stationary cycling exercise and after a 30-min rest. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal thickness (CT), and VD at the superficial and deep retinal layers, choriocapillaris, and deeper choroidal vessels were determined. SFCT and CT were significantly lower at all locations immediately after exercise (p < 0.001) and did not fully recover after rest (p < 0.05). VD was lower in the deep retinal layer after exercise (p = 0.02) and higher in the superficial layer after rest (p = 0.03) in myopic eyes while it was higher in the superficial (p < 0.01) and deep layer (p < 0.01) after rest in emmetropic eyes. No significant exercise-related changes in the superficial retinal VD, choroidal VD, or IOP were observed. ΔCT% and ΔSFCT% were significantly correlated with increases in HR in myopic group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Exercise increased retinal VD after rest in emmetropic eyes, and caused significant CT thinning that lasted for at least 30 min in both emmetropic and myopic eyes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.