Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33479414›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Rhizobia use a pathogenic-like effector to hijack leguminous nodulation signalling.

Safirah Tasa Nerves Ratu, Albin Teulet, Hiroki Miwa, Sachiko Masuda, Hien P Nguyen, Michiko Yasuda, Shusei Sato, Takakazu Kaneko, Makoto Hayashi, Eric Giraud and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
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  7. Mobile gene clusters and coexpressed plant-rhizobium pathways drive partner quality variation in symbiosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
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  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. NopAA and NopD Signaling Association-Related GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  18. NopC/T/L Signal Crosstalk GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Safirah Tasa Nerves RatuUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Albin TeuletLaboratoire Des Symbioses Tropicales Et Méditerranéennes, Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement, UMR Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement/SupAgro/Institut National de Recherche Pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation Et L'Environnement, Université de Montpellier/Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour Le Développement, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Hiroki MiwaDepartment of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Sachiko MasudaDepartment of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Hien P NguyenUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Michiko YasudaDepartment of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
Shusei SatoGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
Takakazu KanekoFaculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-Ku, 603-8555, Japan.
Makoto HayashiCenter for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
Eric GiraudLaboratoire Des Symbioses Tropicales Et Méditerranéennes, Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement, UMR Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement/SupAgro/Institut National de Recherche Pour L'Agriculture, L'Alimentation Et L'Environnement, Université de Montpellier/Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour Le Développement, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Shin OkazakiUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. sokazaki@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology · JPInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement · FRKyoto Sangyo University · JPRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science · JPTohoku University · JP

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 19H02860Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 19K22303The Agence Nationale de la Recherche No. ANR-16-CE20-0013
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Legume plants form a root-nodule symbiosis with rhizobia. This symbiosis establishment generally relies on rhizobium-produced Nod factors (NFs) and their perception by leguminous receptors (NFRs) that trigger nodulation. However, certain rhizobia hijack leguminous nodulation signalling via their type III secretion system, which functions in pathogenic bacteria to deliver effector proteins into host cells. Here, we report that rhizobia use pathogenic-like effectors to hijack legume nodulation signalling. The rhizobial effector Bel2-5 resembles the XopD effector of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris and could induce nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean nfr mutant. The soybean root transcriptome revealed that Bel2-5 induces expression of cytokinin-related genes, which are important for nodule organogenesis and represses ethylene- and defense-related genes that are deleterious to nodulation. Remarkably, Bel2-5 introduction into a strain unable to nodulate soybean mutant affected in NF perception conferred nodulation ability. Our findings show that rhizobia employ and have customized pathogenic effectors to promote leguminous nodulation signalling.

Indexed as

BradyrhizobiumFabaceaeGene Expression Regulation, PlantGlycine maxPlant Root NodulationPlant RootsRhizobiumRoot Nodules, PlantSignal TransductionSymbiosisXanthomonas

Identifiers

PMID33479414
PMCPMC7820406
OpenAlexW3122670251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.