Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33479265›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

The 20-million-year old lair of an ambush-predatory worm preserved in northeast Taiwan.

Yu-Yen Pan, Masakazu Nara, Ludvig Löwemark, Olmo Miguez-Salas, Björn Gunnarson, Yoshiyuki Iizuka, Tzu-Tung Chen, Shahin E Dashtgard

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.

Yu-Yen PanDepartment of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, P.O. Box 13-318, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
Masakazu NaraDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi, 780-8520, Japan.
Ludvig LöwemarkDepartment of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, P.O. Box 13-318, Taipei, 106, Taiwan. ludvig@ntu.edu.tw.
Olmo Miguez-SalasDepartment of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, University of Granada, 18002, Granada, Spain.
Björn GunnarsonDepartment of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Yoshiyuki IizukaInstitute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
Tzu-Tung ChenDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 460, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
Shahin E DashtgardDepartment of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Simon Fraser University · CAInstitute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica · TWKōchi University · JPNational Taiwan University · TWStockholm University · SEUniversidad de Granada · ESUniversity of Gothenburg · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The feeding behavior of the giant ambush-predator "Bobbit worm" (Eunice aphroditois) is spectacular. They hide in their burrows until they explode upwards grabbing unsuspecting prey with a snap of their powerful jaws. The still living prey are then pulled into the sediment for consumption. Although predatory polychaetes have existed since the early Paleozoic, their bodies comprise mainly soft tissue, resulting in a very incomplete fossil record, and virtually nothing is known about their burrows and behavior beneath the seafloor. Here we use morphological, sedimentological, and geochemical data from Miocene strata in northeast Taiwan to erect a new ichnogenus, Pennichnus. This trace fossil consists of an up to 2 m long, 2-3 cm in diameter, L-shaped burrow with distinct feather-like structures around the upper shaft. A comparison of Pennichnus to biological analogs strongly suggests that this new ichnogenus is associated with ambush-predatory worms that lived about 20 million years ago.

Indexed as

FossilsAnimalsPolychaetaTaiwan

Identifiers

PMID33479265
PMCPMC7820589
OpenAlexW3121593854

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.