ArticleScientific reports2021
Autumn COVID-19 surge dates in Europe correlated to latitudes, not to temperature-humidity, pointing to vitamin D as contributing factor.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Influencing Factors on Spatial Spread of COVID-19 Based on Geographical Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D in prevention OF COVID-19 and its severity: an umbrella review.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2021Pooled it
- Longitudinal study on SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in companion animals, Chile.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Article
- Effect of Long-Distance Domestic Travel Ban Policies in Japan on COVID-19 Outbreak Dynamics During Dominance of the Ancestral Strain: Ex Post Facto Retrospective Observation Study.Online journal of public health informatics · 2024Article
- Article
- Correlation between UV Index, Temperature and Humidity with Respect to Incidence and Severity of COVID 19 in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Observational
- Latitude and longitude as drivers of COVID-19 waves' behavior in Europe: A time-space perspective of the pandemic.PloS one · 2023Article
- Five waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and green-blue spaces in urban and rural areas in Poland.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Review
- COVID-19 Mortality in Europe, by Latitude and Obesity Status: A Geo-Spatial Analysis in 40 Countries.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Resilience of countries to COVID-19 correlated with trust.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- System analysis of the fast global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread. Can we avoid future pandemics under global climate change?Communicative & integrative biology · 2022Article
- Can vitamin D status influence seroconversion to SARS-COV2 vaccines?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Seasonal UV exposure and vitamin D: association with the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission in Europe.FEBS open bio · 2022Article
- Effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin DJournal of pharmaceutical investigation · 2022Article
- Sunlight Exposure and Phototherapy: Perspectives for Healthy Aging in an Era of COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Role of fatty liver in coronavirus disease 2019 patients' disease severity and hospitalization length: a case-control study.European journal of medical research · 2021Article
- Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Vitamin D and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): rapid evidence review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2021Review
- Impact of Meteorological Conditions on the Dynamics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To determine the factor triggering the sudden surge of daily new COVID-19 cases arising in most European countries during the autumn of 2020. The dates of the surge were determined using a fitting of the two last months of reported daily new cases in 18 European countries with latitude ranging from 39° to 62°. The study proves no correlation between the country surge date and the 2 weeks preceding temperature or humidity but shows an impressive linear correlation with latitude. The country surge date corresponds to the time when its sun UV daily dose drops below ≈ 34% of that of 0° latitude. Introducing reported seasonal blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration variation into the reported link between acute respiratory tract infection risk and 25(OH)D concentration quantitatively explains the surge dynamics. Several studies have already substantiated a 25(OH)D concentration impact on COVID-19 severity. However, by comparing different patient populations, discriminating whether a low 25(OH)D concentration is a real factor underlying COVID-19 severity or only a marker of another weakness that is the primary severity factor can be challenging. The date of the surge is an intrapopulation observation and has the benefit of being triggered only by a parameter globally affecting the population, i.e. decreases in the sun UV daily dose. The results indicate that a low 25(OH)D concentration is a contributing factor to COVID-19 severity, which, combined with previous studies, provides a convincing set of evidence.
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