ReviewClinical medicine (London, England)2021
A practical review of functional neurological disorder (FND) for the general physician.
Review in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep disorders in functional neurological disorder - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Psilocybin on Motor Function in Healthy Participants: A Phase 1, Randomised, Triple-Blind, Dose-Finding Study.CNS drugs · 2026Trial
- Neurofeedback for functional neurological disorders: future directions for research and clinical practice.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Implementation of bedside and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in the diagnosis of functional neurological symptom disorder following spinal surgery: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Prolonged Functional Flaccid Paraplegia With Rapid Reversibility During Sensorimotor Facilitation.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Somatic yoga therapy for functional neurological disorder: feasibility randomised controlled trial.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Disability, distress and delayed access to care in functional neurological disorder: cross-sectional study from an Australian tertiary clinic.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Personality Disorders in Functional and Idiopathic Dystonia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Overshadowing in Functional Neurological Disorder Leading to a Diagnosis of Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Pain-related disability in functional neurological disorder (FND): the role of pain intensity and psychological factors.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Characterizing Visual Field Defects with Tangent Screen Perimetry in Organic Versus Non-Organic Pathologies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Characterisation of Chronic Pain Syndrome in Patients With Functional Neurological Disorder.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Effectiveness of Brief Multidisciplinary Outpatient Treatment for Functional Neurological Disorder: A Pilot Study.Physiotherapy Canada. Physiotherapie Canada · 2026Article
- Stress-related neuroplasticity and developmental vulnerability in functional neurological disorder: from adverse experience to maladaptive overlearning.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Momentary predictors of dissociation in functional neurological disorder: an ecological momentary assessment-based pilot study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness versus vestibular migraine: A narrative review.Headache · 2026Review
- Diagnostic labels in functional disorders.Future healthcare journal · 2025Article
- Placebo in Functional Neurological Disorders: Promise and Controversy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Successful Treatment of Functional Neurologic Symptom Disorder (Conversion Disorder) With Subdissociative Dose Ketamine in the Emergency Department.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We present a practical overview of functional neurological disorder (FND), its epidemiology, assessment and diagnosis, diagnostic pitfalls, treatment, aetiology and mechanism. We present an update on functional limb weakness, tremor, dystonia and other abnormal movements, dissociative seizures, functional cognitive symptoms and urinary retention, and 'scan-negative' cauda equina syndrome. The diagnosis of FND should rest on clear positive evidence, typically from a combination of physical signs on examination or the nature of seizures. In treatment of FND, clear communication of the diagnosis and the involvement of the multidisciplinary team is beneficial. We recommend that patients with FND are referred to specialists with expertise in neurological diagnosis. FND is a common presentation in emergency and acute medical settings and there are many practical elements to making a positive diagnosis and communication which are useful for all physicians to be familiar with.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.