Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33478774›Full record

ArticleDifferentiation; research in biological diversity

Developmental estrogenization: Prostate gland reprogramming leads to increased disease risk with aging.

Gail S Prins

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Differentiation; research in biological diversity. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Enhanced prostatic Esr1The Journal of pathology · 2024
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Combined Effects of Different Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Prostate Gland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gail S PrinsDepartments of Urology, Physiology and Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 S Wood Street, MC955, Chicago, 60612, IL, USA. Electronic address: gprins@uic.edu.
University of Illinois Chicago · US

Funding

Pilot Program CoreP30ES027792 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI Gokhan M. Mutlu, Gail S Prins · 2017 to 2026
$13.6M
Epigenetic Basis for Prostate Carcinogenesis following Early Estrogenic ExposuresR01ES015584 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI HO, SHUK-MEI, PRINS, GAIL S · 2008 to 2012
$3.1M
Development Estrogenization of the Rat Prostate GlandR01DK040890 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PRINS, GAIL S · 1996 to 2010
$2.9M
Estrogen receptor mediated reprogramming of prostate in BPHR01DK117633 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI COOKE, PAUL S., PRINS, GAIL S · 2018 to 2021
$2.0M
Effects of Arsenic on Human Prostate Stem Cells and Prostate Cancer RiskR01ES022071 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI HO, SHUK-MEI, PRINS, GAIL S · 2012 to 2016
$1.9M
Developmental Exposure to Low-dose Bisphenol A and Human Prostate Cancer SusceptiRC2ES018758 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI HO, SHUK-MEI, PRINS, GAIL S · 2009 to 2010
$1.9M
Estrogen Receptors in Human Prostate Stem-Progenitor CellsR01CA172220 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PRINS, GAIL S · 2013 to 2017
$1.7M
Prostatic Effects of Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol A in a Rat ModelU01ES020886 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PRINS, GAIL S · 2011 to 2014
$878k
ESTROGEN IMPRINTING OF PROSTATE GLAND VIA METHYLATONR21ES012281 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PRINS, GAIL S · 2003 to 2005
$398k
Dietary Intervention for Bisphenol A-induced Susceptibility to Prostate NeoplasiaR03CA136023 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PRINS, GAIL S · 2008 to 2009
$157k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA172220NCI NIH HHS R03 CA136023NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK040890NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK117633NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES027792NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES015584NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES022071NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES012281NIEHS NIH HHS RC2 ES018758NIEHS NIH HHS U01 ES020886
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While estrogens are involved in normal prostate morphogenesis and function, inappropriate early-life estrogenic exposures, either in type, dose or timing, can reprogram the prostate gland and lead to increased disease risk with aging. This process is referred to as estrogen imprinting or developmental estrogenization of the prostate gland. The present review discusses published and new evidence for prostatic developmental estrogenization that includes extensive research in rodent models combined with epidemiology findings that together have helped to uncover the architectural and molecular underpinnings that promote this phenotype. Complex interactions between steroid receptors, developmental morphoregulatory factors, epigenetic machinery and stem-progenitor cell targets coalesce to hard wire structural, cellular and epigenomic reorganization of the tissue which retains a life-long memory of early-life estrogens, ultimately predisposing the gland to prostatitis, hyperplasia and carcinogenesis with aging.

Indexed as

Genomic ImprintingAgingAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCarcinogenesisEpigenomicsEstrogensGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansHyperplasiaMaleProstateProstatitisReceptors, SteroidStem CellsEstrogensReceptors, SteroidDevelopmentEstrogenEstrogenizationHOXB13ProstateReprogramming

Identifiers

PMID33478774
PMCPMC8026668
OpenAlexW3118961079

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.