Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33478523›Full record

ArticleCell communication and signaling : CCS2021

Lactic acid promotes metastatic niche formation in bone metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Jin Qian, Zi-Chen Gong, Yi-Na Zhang, Hong-Hua Wu, Jing Zhao, Li-Ting Wang, Li-Juan Ye, Da Liu, Wei Wang, Xia Kang and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell communication and signaling : CCS, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Targeting Lactate and Lactylation in Cancer Metabolism and Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  20. Metabolic reprogramming in bone metastasis of human cancers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jin Qian *College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, North Section 1 No.111, Second Ring Road, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Zi-Chen Gong *College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, North Section 1 No.111, Second Ring Road, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Yi-Na Zhang *Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Hong-Hua WuDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Jing ZhaoBiomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
Li-Ting WangBiomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
Li-Juan YeDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Da LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Wei WangDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Xia KangDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Jun ShengDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Wei XuDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Xi-Lin LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China.
Juan WuDepartment of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Rongdu Avenue No. 270, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China. morriswujuan@126.com.
Wei ZhengCollege of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, North Section 1 No.111, Second Ring Road, Chengdu, 610000, People's Republic of China. zhengweipaper@sina.com.
Southwest Jiaotong University · CNArmy Medical University · CNSt. Joseph's Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo investigate the effect of lactic acid (LA) on the progression of bone metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC) and its regulatory effects on primary CD115 (+) osteoclast (OC) precursors.

methodsThe BrdU assay, Annexin-V/PI assay, TRAP staining and immunofluorescence were performed to explore the effect of LA on the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of OC precursors in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry was performed to sort primary osteoclast precursors and CD4(+) T cells and to analyze the change in the expression of target proteins in osteoclast precursors. A recruitment assay was used to test how LA and Cadhein-11 regulate the recruitment of OC precursors. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to analyze the changes in the mRNA and protein expression of genes related to the PI3K-AKT pathway and profibrotic genes. Safranin O-fast green staining, H&E staining and TRAP staining were performed to analyze the severity of bone resorption and accumulation of osteoclasts.

resultsLA promoted the expression of CXCL10 and Cadherin-11 in CD115(+) precursors through the PI3K-AKT pathway. We found that CXCL10 and Cadherin-11 were regulated by the activation of CREB and mTOR, respectively. LA-induced overexpression of CXCL10 in CD115(+) precursors indirectly promoted the differentiation of osteoclast precursors through the recruitment of CD4(+) T cells, and the crosstalk between these two cells promoted bone resorption in bone metastasis from CRC. On the other hand, Cadherin-11 mediated the adhesion between osteoclast precursors and upregulated the production of specific collagens, especially Collagen 5, which facilitated fibrotic changes in the tumor microenvironment. Blockade of the PI3K-AKT pathway efficiently prevented the progression of bone metastasis caused by lactate.

conclusionLA promoted metastatic niche formation in the tumor microenvironment through the PI3K-AKT pathway. Our study provides new insight into the role of LA in the progression of bone metastasis from CRC. Video Abstract.

Indexed as

AnimalsBone NeoplasmsCadherinsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCell AdhesionCell DifferentiationCell MovementCells, CulturedChemokine CXCL10Coculture TechniquesCollagenColorectal NeoplasmsCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinLactic AcidMaleMiceCadherinsChemokine CXCL10CollagenCreb1 protein, mouseCxcl10 protein, mouseCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinLactic AcidmTOR protein, mouseosteoblast cadherinPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesBone metastasisCadherin-11Colorectal cancerCXCL10Lactic acidOsteoclast precursorsPI3K-AKT pathway

Identifiers

PMID33478523
PMCPMC7818572
OpenAlexW3197262372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.