ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Smartphone and Tablet Usage during COVID-19 Pandemic Confinement in Children under 48 Months in Barcelona (Spain).
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Psychological and Emotional Effects of Digital Technology on Digitods (14-18 Years): A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's occupations.Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOT · 2023Review
- Effects of emotion coaching group programme for mothers of preschool children with smart device overdependence: a mixed methods study.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- A Survey on harnessing the Applications of Mobile Computing in Healthcare during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Solutions.Computer networks · 2023Review
- Relationship between Mother's emotional intelligence, negative parenting behaviour, Preschooler's attachment instability, and smart device overdependence.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Young children's screen time during the first COVID-19 lockdown in 12 countries.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Infants' and toddlers' digital media use and mothers' mental health: A comparative study before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Infant mental health journal · 2022Article
- Psychological and Emotional Effects of Digital Technology on Children in COVID-19 Pandemic.Brain sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTotal lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic might have potentially increased screen time in children. This study aims to describe the smartphone and tablets usage in children under 48 months living in Barcelona during the COVID-19 confinement.
methodsCross-sectional study using a non-probabilistic sample of parents with children under 48 months living in Barcelona (Spain) during COVID-19 confinement (n = 313). We calculated percentages of exposure to smartphones and tablets. Moreover, for those children were exposed, we calculated unadjusted and adjusted Geometric Mean Ratios (GMR) of daily smartphones and tablets usage and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) trough Generalized Linear Models with Gamma family and link log. Associations were adjusted for potential confounders.
resultsDuring COVID-19 confinement, 67.5% of children under 48 months were daily exposed to smartphones and tablets. Further, those children who were exposed during meals, as well as before going to bed, spend longer durations using them, aGMR = 2.38 (95% CI 1.73, 3.34) and aGMR = 1.95 (95% CI 1.34, 2.91) respectively.
conclusionTwo out of three children under 48 months living in Barcelona were daily exposed to smartphones and tablets during total lockdown due to COVID-19. Taking this findings into account cohort studies are needed to assess any change in the screen time patterns due to total confinement in order to allow the Government help families, particularly those more vulnerable, in a possible pandemic resurgence.
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