ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Advances in the Knowledge of the Underlying Airway Remodeling Mechanisms in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Based on the Endotypes: A Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Risk of Rheumatic Disorders Among Patients With Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Pooled it
- Rethinking Monospecific Antibody Therapy in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Dual- and Multispecific Antibodies.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Eustachian Tube Obstruction Grade as an Independent Determinant of Audiological and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Pediatric Chronic Adenoiditis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- High Radiological Severity in CRSwNP Is Associated With a Mixed Type 2/Type 3 Epithelial Inflammatory Signature.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Phenotype-specific differences in bone morphogenetic protein ligand expression and intracellular signaling pathway activation in chronic rhinosinusitis.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Treatment of Severe Uncontrolled Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP) with Mepolizumab or Dupilumab: A Preliminary Single-Center Study for Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Shift in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Amidst Guangzhou's Urbanization (2000-2018).World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Impact of Early Versus Delayed Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Nrf2: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Glucocorticoid-Resistant Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Review
- Immune-inflammatory endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis: from epithelial alarmins to personalized therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Severe Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: From IL-5-Driven Pathogenetic Mechanisms to Clinical Management in the Italian Clinical Setting.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Immuno-transcriptomic analysis based on machine learning identifies immunity signature genes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biodiversity of the Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome and Associated Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Article
- Epigenetic Mechanisms in CRSwNP: The Role of MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Is Nasal Dysbiosis a Required Component for Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder?Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Endotype-driven decisions in choosing a biologic for airway diseases.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Oncostatin M promotes epithelial barrier dysfunction in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Tissue barriers · 2025Article
- [Research progress of type 2 inflammation-related tissue remodeling in nasal polyps].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa that affects up to 10% of the population worldwide. CRS is the most representative disease of the upper respiratory tract where airway remodeling occurs, including epithelial damage, thickening of the basement membrane, fibrosis, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial edema, and osteitis. CRS is divided into two phenotypes according to the presence or absence of nasal polyps: CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Based on the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism, CRS is also classified as eosinophilic CRS and non-eosinophilic CRS, owing to Type 2 T helper (Th2)-based inflammation and Type 1 T helper (Th1)/Type 17 T helper (Th17) skewed immune response, respectively. Differences in tissue remodeling in CRS are suggested to be based on the clinical phenotype and endotypes; this is because fibrosis is prominent in CRSsNP, whereas edematous changes occur in CRSwNP, especially in the eosinophilic type. This review aims to summarize the latest information on the different mechanisms of airway remodeling in CRS according to distinct endotypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.