Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33477376›Full record

ArticleViruses2021

Quinacrine, an Antimalarial Drug with Strong Activity Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication In Vitro.

Mónica Salas Rojas, Raúl Silva Garcia, Estela Bini, Verónica Pérez de la Cruz, Juan Carlos León Contreras, Rogelio Hernández Pando, Fernando Bastida Gonzalez, Eduardo Davila-Gonzalez, Mario Orozco Morales, Armando Gamboa Domínguez and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  7. Phytochemicals for the treatment of COVID-19.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Mónica Salas RojasUnidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc 330, Mexico Ctiy 06720, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-7046-0967
Raúl Silva GarciaUnidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc 330, Mexico Ctiy 06720, Mexico.
Estela BiniSección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Mexico Ctiy 14080, Mexico.
Verónica Pérez de la CruzLaboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes sur 3877, Mexico Ctiy 14269, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-1451-8754
Juan Carlos León ContrerasSección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Mexico Ctiy 14080, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-8827-1670
Rogelio Hernández PandoSección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Mexico Ctiy 14080, Mexico.
Fernando Bastida GonzalezLaboratorio de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública del Estado de Mexico, Estado de México, Toluca 50130, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-1670-5879
Eduardo Davila-GonzalezLaboratorio de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública del Estado de Mexico, Estado de México, Toluca 50130, Mexico.
Mario Orozco MoralesUnidad Funcional de Oncología Torácica y Medicina Personalizada, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, San Fernando 22, Mexico Ctiy 14080, Mexico.
Armando Gamboa DomínguezDepartamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico Ctiy 14080, Mexico.
Julio SoteloLaboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes sur 3877, Mexico Ctiy 14269, Mexico.
Benjamín PinedaLaboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes sur 3877, Mexico Ctiy 14269, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-1455-312X
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán · MXInstituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía · MXInstituto de Salud del Estado de México · MXMexican Social Security Institute · MXInstituto Nacional de Cancerología · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quinacrine (Qx), a molecule used as an antimalarial, has shown anticancer, antiprion, and antiviral activity. The most relevant antiviral activities of Qx are related to its ability to raise pH in acidic organelles, diminishing viral enzymatic activity for viral cell entry, and its ability to bind to viral DNA and RNA. Moreover, Qx has been used as an immunomodulator in cutaneous lupus erythematosus and various rheumatological diseases, by inhibiting phospholipase A2 modulating the Th1/Th2 response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential antiviral effect of Qx against denominated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Vero E6 cells. The cytotoxicity of Qx in Vero E6 cells was determined by the MTT assay. Afterwards, Vero E6 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 at different multiplicities of infections (MOIs) of 0.1 and 0.01 in the presence of Qx (0-30 µM) to determinate the half maximal effective concentration (EC

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentAnimalsAntiviral AgentsCell LineChlorocebus aethiopsMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionQuinacrineSARS-CoV-2Vero CellsViral LoadVirus InternalizationVirus ReplicationAntiviral AgentsQuinacrineantiviral drugsquinacrineSARS CoV-2virus replication

Identifiers

PMID33477376
PMCPMC7830524
OpenAlexW3124587091

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.