SynthesisJournal of autism and developmental disorders2021
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Utility of the ADOS-2 and the ADI-R in Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children.
Synthesis in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05750095 (Enabling Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders - a Randomized Controlled Trial of Parenting Programs), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enabling Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders - a Randomized Controlled Trial of Parenting Programs
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early Identification of Autism Using Cry Analysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Retrospective and Prospective Studies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence for tracking social behaviours and supporting an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.EBioMedicine · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of game-based interventions on children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- rTMS Modulates Static and Dynamic Brain Functional Networks in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An EEG Microstate Study.Brain topography · 2026Trial
- Kefir-derived probiotic mixture for children with autism spectrum disorder: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.BMC pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Characterizing mechanisms of caregiver-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for autistic toddlers: A randomized clinical trial.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Trial
- The effect of responsiveness to speech-generating device input on spoken language in children with autism spectrum disorder who are minimally verbalAugmentative and alternative communication (Baltimore, Md. : 1985) · 2023Trial
- Effects of High-Phenolic Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Sensory Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study.International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Factor Analysis of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales Parent Report 6-18 in a Complex Community Sample.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- The stability of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 in children aged 14-36 months with elevated likelihood for autism.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Sensitivity and Specificity of Common Autism Diagnostic Instruments for Early School-Aged Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Correspondence Between the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism (BOSA) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2) in Adolescents and Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of 915 Autistic Preschoolers Engaged in Intensive Early Intervention in Australia.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Systematic review: Safety and efficacy of atomoxetine in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Parent-Mediated vs. Staff-Mediated Behavioral Models in Families of Autistic Children: A Comparative Study on Parental Stress, Co-Parenting, and Quality of Life.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Investigating the Predictive Validity of the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 in Children at Elevated Likelihood for Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Behavioral Assessment Reliability in Clinical Phenotyping and Biomarker Research for Autism.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Selective Plasmatic Amino Acid Alterations as a Potential Biomarker for Pathological Stratification in Autism Spectrum Disorders.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Multiomics analysis reveals the exacerbating effect of constipation on autism-related symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Behavioural phenotypes of autism in autistic and nonautistic gender clinic-referred youth and their caregivers.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview, Revised (ADI-R) have high accuracy as diagnostic instruments in research settings, while evidence of accuracy in clinical settings is less robust. This meta-analysis focused on efficacy of these measures in research versus clinical settings. Articles (n = 22) were analyzed using a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) model. ADOS-2 performance was stronger than the ADI-R. ADOS-2 sensitivity and specificity ranged from .89-.92 and .81-.85, respectively. ADOS-2 accuracy in research compared with clinical settings was mixed. ADI-R sensitivity and specificity were .75 and .82, respectively, with higher specificity in research samples (Research = .85, Clinical = .72). A small number of clinical studies were identified, indicating ongoing need for investigation outside research settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.