ArticlePsychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy2021
The impact of parental trauma, parenting difficulty, and planned family separation on the behavioral health of West African immigrant children in New York City.
Article in Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of Muslim Patient Needs and Its Implications on Healthcare Delivery.Journal of primary care & community healthPooled it
- Family as a Buffer or Burden: Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Among Latino Immigrants in the U.S.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2026Article
- Navigating Cultural Adaptation: Refugee Parents' Perspectives on the SafeCare Parenting Program.Journal of international migration and integration · 2026Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe association between parental mental health difficulties and poor child outcomes is well documented. Few studies have investigated the intergenerational effects of trauma in immigrant populations. This study examined the relationships among parental trauma, parenting difficulty, duration of planned family separation, and child externalizing behavior in an archival dataset of West African voluntary and forced immigrants in New York City. We hypothesized that parenting difficulty would mediate the association between parental posttraumatic stress and child externalizing behavior and that this association would be stronger for parent-child dyads that had undergone lengthier separations during migration.
methodNinety-one parents reported on their posttraumatic stress symptoms using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) and on the behavioral health of one child between the ages of 5 and 12 years using the externalizing items of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL Externalizing). A 4-item self-report scale assessed difficulty parenting in the last month.
resultsLinear regression analyses showed that parenting difficulty partially mediated the relationship between HTQ and CBCL scores. The relationship between HTQ and CBCL scores was not significant for parents separated from their children for one year or less but was significant for those never separated or separated for longer than 1 year. Higher HTQ scores were most strongly associated with higher CBCL Externalizing scores for those separated longer than one year.
conclusionsFindings suggest that children of immigrants recovering from trauma are at risk of exhibiting behavioral symptoms and highlight a potential intervention target for improving child outcomes in immigrant families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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