ArticleBMJ open2021
Respectful maternity care delivered within health facilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania: a cross-sectional assessment preceding a quality improvement intervention.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Factors behind high caesarean section in Bangladesh: insight from a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- The use of Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) in comparing the experiences of mothers with and without HIV in Tanzania.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Respectful maternity care during childbirth: postnatal women's perspectives. Cross-sectional study from central India: February - December 2023.Revista colombiana de obstetricia y ginecologia · 2025Article
- Disrespect and abuse during childbirth and associated factors among women: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Factors associated with respectful maternity care during hospital deliveries: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2025Article
- Factors associated with respectful maternity care and influence of HIV status among women giving birth in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Respectful maternity care during childbirth: Experiences and observation among mothers in a tertiary-care institute in Manipur.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Standards of care and determinants of women's satisfaction with delivery services in Nepal: a multi-perspective analysis using data from a health facility-based survey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Implementing maternal and newborn health quality of care standards in healthcare facilities to improve the adoption of respectful maternity care in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania: a controlled before and after study.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- From global recommendations to (in)action: A scoping review of the coverage of companion of choice for women during labour and birth.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Baseline assessment of the WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA maternal and newborn quality-of-care standards around childbirth: Results from an intermediate hospital, northeast Namibia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Monitoring healthcare improvement for mothers and newborns: A quantitative review of WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA standards using Every Mother Every Newborn assessment tools.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Obstetric violence and its association with postnatal depression: A longitudinal community-based study in rural Jharkhand, India.Women's health (London, England)Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess respectful maternity care (RMC) in health facilities.
designCross-sectional study.
settingForty-three (43) facilities across 15 districts in Bangladesh, 16 in Ghana and 12 in Tanzania.
participantsFacility managers; 325 providers (nurses/midwives/doctors)-Bangladesh (158), Ghana (86) and Tanzania (81); and 849 recently delivered women-Bangladesh (295), Ghana (381) and Tanzania (173)-were interviewed. Observation of 641 client-provider interactions was conducted-Bangladesh (387), Ghana (134) and Tanzania (120). ASSESSMENT: Trained social scientists and clinicians assessed infrastructure, policies, provision and women's experiences of RMC (emotional support, respectful care and communication). PRIMARY OUTCOME: RMC provided and/or experienced by women.
resultsThree (20%) facilities in Bangladesh, four (25%) in Ghana and three (25%) in Tanzania had no maternity clients' toilets and one-half had no handwashing facilities. Policies for RMC such as identification of client abuses were available: 81% (Ghana), 73% (Bangladesh) and 50% (Tanzania), but response was poor. Ninety-four (60%) Bangladeshi, 26 (30%) Ghanaian and 20 (25%) Tanzanian providers were not RMC trained. They provided emotional support during labour care to 107 (80%) women in Ghana, 95 (79%) in Tanzania and 188 (48.5%) in Bangladesh, and were often courteous with them-236 (61%) in Bangladesh, 119 (89%) in Ghana and 108 (90%) in Tanzania. Due to structural challenges, 169 (44%) women in Bangladesh, 49 (36%) in Ghana and 77 (64%) in Tanzania had no privacy during labour. Care was refused to 13 (11%) Tanzanian and 2 Bangladeshi women who could not pay illegal charges. Twenty-five (7%) women in Ghana, nine (6%) in Bangladesh and eight (5%) in Tanzania were verbally abused during care. Providers in all countries highly rated their care provision (95%-100%), and 287 (97%) of Bangladeshi women, 368 (97%) Ghanaians and 152 (88%) Tanzanians reported 'satisfaction' with the care they received. However, based on their facility experiences, significant (p<0.001) percentages-20% (Ghana) to 57% (Bangladesh)-will not return to the same facilities for future childbirth.
conclusionsFacilities in Bangladesh, Ghana and Tanzania have foundational systems that facilitate RMC. Structural inadequacies and policy gaps pose challenges. Many women were, however, unwilling to return to the same facilities for future deliveries although they (and providers) highly rated these facilities.
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