Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33472702›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2021

Drug supply situation in Rwanda during COVID-19: issues, efforts and challenges.

Theogene Uwizeyimana, Hashim Talib Hashim, Jean Damascene Kabakambira, Jean Claude Mujyarugamba, Jackson Dushime, Blaise Ntacyabukura, Remy Ndayizeye, Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno

Abstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Impact of drug shortages on the work of hospital pharmacists in Japan.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026
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  19. The Particularities of Pharmaceutical Care in Improving Public Health Service during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Review
  20. Pharmacoeconomics in Africa: needs, prospect and challenges.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Theogene UwizeyimanaDepartment of Public Health, Mount Kenya University Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. uwizeyimanatheogene@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-0211
Hashim Talib HashimCollege of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Jean Damascene KabakambiraDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda.
Jean Claude MujyarugambaDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jackson DushimeGlobal Health Focus Africa, Kigali, Rwanda.
Blaise NtacyabukuraGlobal Public Health Department, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Remy NdayizeyeInstitute for Public Health Innovation, Richmond, VA, USA.
Yusuff Adebayo AdebisiFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Don Eliseo Lucero-PrisnoDepartment of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

COVID-19 is a threat to health systems around the world and Rwanda is not an exception. The impact of the pandemic is far-reaching and access to health commodities is not spared. Proper drug supply is critical for a robust healthcare system. It determines the extent at which the population are likely to have access to essential medicines and treatments. In Rwanda, the pharmaceutical sector heavily relies on imports. With the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic, the drug supply system was interrupted leaving many stores from small local pharmacies to the big medical stores running out of stock. The reasons were limited importation of goods from abroad, and the panic buying practice among the customers and some institutions when responding to the pandemic. Drug and medicines accessibility, availability and affordability should be the core of any drug management policy. It is with no doubt that, Rwanda has made a tremendous work to mitigate the effect of COVID-19 on the country's drug supply; however, efforts are still needed to invest in local pharmaceutical production as a way to minimize import expenses in the country. Good policy on drug importation, production and distribution should be enforced to avoid any drug shortage that may be encountered in the Rwandan drug market.

Indexed as

COVID-19Drug importDrug supply systemRwanda

Identifiers

PMID33472702
PMCPMC7816054

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.