ArticleParasites & vectors2021
Molecular characterization of the waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp. in wastewater and sewage in Guangzhou, China.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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25 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multilocus Oxford Nanopore sequencing reveals genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in surface and wastewater in Southwestern Colombia.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of intestinal protozoa in an oil wastewater treatment facility; risk for contamination of downstream farmlands.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular characteristics and zoonotic potential of enteric protozoans in domestic small ruminants in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China.Food and waterborne parasitology · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection and Genotyping ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Can Wastewater Surveillance Enhance Genomic Tracking of Climate-Driven Pathogens?Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Occurrence and Multi-Locus Genotyping ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Cryptosporidium spp. in wild rodents in the Poyang Lake region, China.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- Review
- Genetic Characterization and Zoonotic Potential ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Establishment and preliminary application of PCR-RFLP genotyping method for Giardia duodenalis in goats.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Wastewater-based intestinal protozoa monitoring in Shanghai, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- A Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Sources and Prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Southeastern U.S. Growing Environments.Journal of food protection · 2024Article
- Molecular detection and genetic variability ofHeliyon · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Molecular characterization ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Development of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction with Novel Specific Primers for Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Central Inner Mongolia, Northern China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Molecular Epidemiological Investigation ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Cyclospora cayetanensis can cause intestinal diseases in humans. An understanding of their occurrence and transport in the environment is essential for accurate quantitative microbial risk assessment.
methodsA total of 238 influent samples were collected from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and 88 samples from eight sewer locations in Guangzhou, China. PCR-based tools were used to detect and genetically characterize Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi. Eimeria spp. and Cyclospora spp. were also analyzed to assess the sources of Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi in wastewater.
resultsThe overall occurrence rates in the WWTP and sewer samples were 14.3% (34/238) and 13.6% (12/88) for Cryptosporidium spp., 55.5% (132/238) and 33.0% (29/88) for G. duodenalis, 56.3% (134/238) and 26.1% (23/88) for E. bieneusi and 45.4% (108/238) and 47.7% (42/88) for Eimeria spp., respectively. Altogether, 11 Cryptosporidium species and genotypes, six G. duodenalis genotypes, 11 E. bieneusi genotypes and four C. cayetanensis were found, together with the presence of nine Eimeria species. The common occurrence of Cryptosporidium rat genotype IV, C. muris and Eimeria papillata and E. nieschulzi suggested that rodents were significant sources of the enteric pathogens detected in the wastewater samples.
conclusionsWhile the dominant Cryptosporidium spp. detected in the raw wastewater sampled in this study are not pathogenic to humans, the widely detected G. duodenalis assemblage A and E. bieneusi genotypes D and Type IV are well-known zoonotic pathogens. Further studies are needed to monitor the occurrence of these waterborne pathogens in WWTPs to better understand their transmission and environmental transport in China.
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