ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2021
Efficacy and tolerability of folate-aminopterin therapy in a rat focal model of multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Folate Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insight from Experimental and Clinical Studies.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- White Matter Injury in Central Nervous System Disorders.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Review
- Arginine vasopressin hormone receptor antagonists in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis rodent models: A new approach for human multiple sclerosis treatment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Article
- Targeting folate receptor beta on monocytes/macrophages renders rapid inflammation resolution independent of root causes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Article
- A Role for Folate in Microbiome-Linked Control of Autoimmunity.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActivated macrophages in the experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS) express folate receptor-β (FR-β), representing a promising target for the treatment of MS. Here, we both evaluated the efficacy of a novel folate-aminopterin construct (EC2319) in a rat focal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) and investigated the utility of
methodsFocal delayed-type hypersensitivity experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (fDTH-EAE) was induced in 40 Lewis rats; 20 healthy Lewis rats were used as controls. Rats were divided into six groups according to the duration of disease (control, acute, or chronic) and intervention (vehicle versus EC2319).
resultsImmunofluorescence and histological analyses revealed significant reductions in FR-β expression (P < 0.05) and lesion size (P < 0.01), as well as improved inducible nitric oxide synthase/mannose receptor C type 1 ratios (P < 0.01) in macrophages and microglia during the chronic but not acute phase of fDTH-EAE in EC2319-treated rats. The uptake of IV-injected
conclusionsEC2319 was well tolerated and attenuated inflammation and lesion development in a rat model of a chronic progressive form of MS. Human MS patients have FR-β-positive cells in chronically active plaques, which suggests that these results may have translational relevance.
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