ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2021
Leptin and inflammatory factors play a synergistic role in the regulation of reproduction in male mice through hypothalamic kisspeptin-mediated energy balance.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Precocious Puberty: Do All Roads Lead to the Hypothalamus?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Secretion Patterns of Leptin: A Key Component in the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis and Its Therapeutic Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and their role in male reproductive health.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- High-intensity intermittent training promotes adipose tissue browning via the IL-27/p38 MAPK-PGC-1α signaling pathway in diet-induced obese rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Antidiabetic agents and male fertility: unraveling the impact of glucose-lowering therapies on sperm quality in diabetic males-a narrative review.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Review
- Testosterone and Obesity in an Aging Society.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Metabolic inflammatory hypothalamic-induced reproductive dysfunction: a new paradigm in adolescent reproductive-endocrine health.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
- The Protective Role of Leptin in Neurological Damage Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Reproductive integration of leptin and kisspeptin in small ruminants: Mechanisms, biomarker potential, and prospects for precision breeding.Veterinary world · 2025Review
- Obesity, White Adipose Tissue, and Adipokines Signaling in Male Reproduction.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Review
- The Impact of the Endocrine and Immunological Function of Adipose Tissue on Reproduction in Women with Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impact of absolute food deprivation on the reproductive system in male goldfish exposed to sex steroids.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2024Article
- Aerobic exercises regulate the epididymal anion homeostasis of high-fat diet-induced obese rats through TRPA1-mediated Cl- and HCO3- secretion†.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- A short-term high-fat diet alters rat testicular activity and blood-testis barrier integrity through the SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs signaling pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor ameliorates high fat diet-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis disorders.The Journal of physiology · 2022Review
- Review
- Article
- Diet and exercise interventions reduce serum asprosin and the corresponding hypothalamic- pituitary-gonad-axis dysfunction in obese men.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Acetate supplementation restores testicular function by modulating Nrf2/PPAR-γ in high fat diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2021Article
- Beyond the Finish Line: The Impact and Dynamics of Biomarkers in Physical Exercise-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEnergy balance is closely related to reproductive function, wherein hypothalamic kisspeptin mediates regulation of the energy balance. However, the central mechanism of kisspeptin in the regulation of male reproductive function under different energy balance states is unclear. Here, high-fat diet (HFD) and exercise were used to change the energy balance to explore the role of leptin and inflammation in the regulation of kisspeptin and the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis.
methodsFour-week-old male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to a normal control group (n = 16) or an HFD (n = 49) group. After 10 weeks of HFD feeding, obese mice were randomly divided into obesity control (n = 16), obesity moderate-load exercise (n = 16), or obesity high-load exercise (n = 17) groups. The obesity moderate-load exercise and obesity high-load exercise groups performed exercise (swimming) for 120 min/day and 120 min × 2 times/day (6 h interval), 5 days/week for 8 weeks, respectively.
resultsCompared to the mice in the normal group, in obese mice, the mRNA and protein expression of the leptin receptor, kiss, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) decreased in the hypothalamus; serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone levels and sperm quality decreased; and serum leptin, estradiol, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and sperm apoptosis increased. Moderate- and high-load exercise effectively reduced body fat and serum leptin levels but had the opposite effects on the hypothalamus and serum IL-10 and TNF-α levels. Moderate-load exercise had anti-inflammatory effects accompanied by increased mRNA and protein expression of kiss and GnRH in the hypothalamus and increased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels and improved sperm quality. High-load exercise also promoted inflammation, with no significant effect on the mRNA and protein expression of kiss and GnRH in the hypothalamus, serum sex hormone level, or sperm quality. Moderate-load exercise improved leptin resistance and inflammation and reduced the inhibition of kisspeptin and the HPT axis in obese mice. The inflammatory response induced by high-load exercise may counteract the positive effect of improving leptin resistance on kisspeptin and HPT.
conclusionDuring changes in energy balance, leptin and inflammation jointly regulate kisspeptin expression on the HPT axis.
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