ArticleBMC nephrology2021
Causal effect between total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol as risk factors for chronic kidney disease: a mendelian randomization study.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a liver stiffness measurement-based nomogram model to identify early CKD risk in patients with MAFLD.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Causal Effect of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on Chronic Kidney Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Biochemistry research international · 2026Article
- Alginate oligosaccharides attenuate obesity-associated kidney injury through modulation of the intestinal environment with renoprotection transferable by small intestinal contents.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between Apolipoprotein B and diabetic nephropathy: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016 and Mendelian randomization analysis.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Observational
- Combined and mediating effects of remnant cholesterol and renal function on hypertension risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Remnant cholesterol, preinflammatory state and chronic kidney disease: association and mediation analyses.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Predictive value of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio for chronic kidney disease among adult male and female in Northwest China.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Understanding the relationship between circulating lipids and risk of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study and large-scale genetic analyses.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Double Filtration Plasmapheresis with Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Membrane Lowers Serum Inflammation and Toxins in Patients with Hyperlipidemia.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of CKD Based on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Association of remnant cholesterol with chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a population-based study.Acta diabetologica · 2021Article
- Association of Remnant Cholesterol with Rapid Kidney Function Decline in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Normal Kidney Function.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile observational studies show an association between serum lipid levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD), intervention studies that examine the preventive effects of serum lipid levels on the development of CKD are lacking.
methodsTo estimate the role of serum lipid levels in the etiology of CKD, we conducted a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study on serum lipid levels. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were significantly associated genome-wide with serum lipid levels from the GLGC and CKDGen consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS), including total cholesterol (TC, n = 187,365), triglyceride (TG, n = 177,861), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C, n = 187,167), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C, n = 173,082), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1, n = 20,687), apolipoprotein B (ApoB, n = 20,690) and CKD (n = 117,165), were used as instrumental variables. None of the lipid-related SNPs was associated with CKD (all P > 0.05).
resultsMR analysis genetically predicted the causal effect between TC/HDL-C and CKD. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of TC within CKD was 0.756 (0.579 to 0.933) (P = 0.002), and HDL-C was 0.85 (0.687 to 1.012) (P = 0.049). No causal effects between TG, LDL-C- ApoA1, ApoB and CKD were observed. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that TC and HDL-C were significantly associated with CKD.
conclusionsThe findings from this MR study indicate causal effects between TC, HDL-C and CKD. Decreased TC and elevated HDL-C may reduce the incidence of CKD but need to be further confirmed by using a genetic and environmental approach.
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