Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33472066›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Systematic alteration of in vitro metabolic environments reveals empirical growth relationships in cancer cell phenotypes.

Karl Kochanowski, Timur Sander, Hannes Link, Jeremy Chang, Steven J Altschuler, Lani F Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. InactivatedFrontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Karl KochanowskiUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Timur SanderMax Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
Hannes LinkMax Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
Jeremy ChangUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Steven J AltschulerUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: steven.altschuler@ucsf.edu.
Lani F WuUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: lani.wu@ucsf.edu.

Funding

Maximizing the predictive power of high-throughput, microscopy-based phenotypic screensR01CA184984 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI WU, LANI F · 2014 to 2025
$4.7M
Systems-level role of GSK3 in colonic epithelium homeostasis and drug resistanceR01GM112690 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ALTSCHULER, STEVEN J · 2015 to 2018
$1.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA184984NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM112690
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer cells, like microbes, live in complex metabolic environments. Recent evidence suggests that microbial behavior across metabolic environments is well described by simple empirical growth relationships, or growth laws. Do such empirical growth relationships also exist in cancer cells? To test this question, we develop a high-throughput approach to extract quantitative measurements of cancer cell behaviors in systematically altered metabolic environments. Using this approach, we examine relationships between growth and three frequently studied cancer phenotypes: drug-treatment survival, cell migration, and lactate overflow. Drug-treatment survival follows simple linear growth relationships, which differ quantitatively between chemotherapeutics and EGFR inhibition. Cell migration follows a weak grow-and-go growth relationship, with substantial deviation in some environments. Finally, lactate overflow is mostly decoupled from growth rate and is instead determined by the cells' ability to maintain high sugar uptake rates. Altogether, this work provides a quantitative approach for formulating empirical growth laws of cancer.

Indexed as

Biological PhenomenaHumansNeoplasmsPhenotypecancergrowth lawmetabolic environmentmetabolism

Identifiers

PMID33472066
PMCPMC7877896

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.