ArticleJMIR formative research2021
Central Auditory Tests to Track Cognitive Function in People With HIV: Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Article in JMIR formative research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral and central auditory impairment linked to heavy metal exposure in Nicaraguan children from artisanal mining communities.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Central auditory testing in young Tanzanian children: feasibility and relationship to cognition.International journal of audiology · 2026Article
- Central auditory tests reveal deficits in HIV treatment.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Neuroimaging markers of cognitive fatigue in individuals with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Brain and cognition · 2025Article
- Central auditory processing is altered after traumatic brain injury in Tanzanian adults.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Machine learning for predicting cognitive deficits using auditory and demographic factors.PloS one · 2024Article
- The effect of second language acquisition on central auditory processing abilities and its interaction with HIV.Frontiers in language sciences · 2024Article
- Peripheral Auditory Function in Tanzanian Children Living With HIV With Clinically Normal Hearing.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Peripheral Auditory Function in Young HIV-Positive Adults With Clinically Normal Hearing.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Nonverbal cognitive assessment of children in Tanzania with and without HIV.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2022Article
- The Relationship Between Central Auditory Tests and Neurocognitive Domains in Adults Living With HIV.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe development of neurocognitive deficits in people infected with HIV is a significant public health problem. Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that performance on central auditory tests (CATs) correlates with cognitive test results in those with HIV, but no longitudinal data exist for confirmation. We have been performing longitudinal assessments of central auditory and cognitive function on a cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania to understand how the central auditory system could be used to study and track the progress of central nervous system dysfunction.
objectiveThe goal of the project was to determine if CATs can track the trajectory of cognitive function over time in people diagnosed with HIV.
methodsTests of peripheral and central auditory function as well as cognitive performance were performed on 382 individuals over the course of 3.5 years. Visits were scheduled every 6 months. CATs included tests of auditory temporal processing (gap detection) and speech perception in noise (Hearing in Noise Test and Triple Digit Test). Cognitive tests included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), and subtests from the Cogstate battery. HIV-positive subjects were divided into groups based on their CAT results at their final visit (bottom 20%, top 20%, middle 60%). Primary analyses focused on the comparison between HIV-positive individuals that performed worse on CATs (bottom 20%) and the overall HIV-positive group (middle 60%). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models with time as the main fixed effect.
resultsThe group with the worst (bottom 20%) CAT performance showed a difference in trajectory for the MoCA (P=.003), TOVA (P<.048), and Cogstate (P<.046) over the course of the study period compared to the overall HIV-positive group. A battery of three CATs showed a significant difference in cognitive trajectory over a relatively short study period of 3.5 years independent of age (bottom 20% vs HIV-positive group).
conclusionsThe results of this study support the ability for CATs to track cognitive function over time, suggesting that central auditory processing can provide a window into central nervous system performance. CATs can be simple to perform, and are relatively insensitive to education and socioeconomic status because they only require repeating sentences, numbers, or detecting gaps in noise. These tests could potentially provide a time-efficient, low-cost method to screen for and monitor cognitive decline in patients with HIV, making them a useful surveillance tool for this major public health problem.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.