SynthesisBrazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica2021
Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Synthesis in Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06157333 (Effect of Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Depression Symptoms in Patients With Subacute Ischemic Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Depression Symptoms in Patients With Subacute Ischemic Stroke
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Non-invasive brain stimulation for stroke-related motor impairment and disability: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Global trends and research hotspots in the treatment of mental disorders with transcranial magnetic stimulation: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists professional practice guidelines for the administration of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Guideline
- Association of a low vitamin D status with risk of post-stroke depression: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke depression: An overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for post-stroke sleep disorders: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Combined With Antidepressants in Patients With Poststroke Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on depression and cognition in individuals with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of noninvasive brain stimulation in the treatment of poststroke depression: an overview of systematic reviews.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Neurorehabilitation for cognitive and motor recovery: mechanisms, interventions, and translational advances.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Poststroke anxiety and depression: epidemiology, mechanisms, and management strategies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Consensus review and considerations on TMS to treat depression: A comprehensive update endorsed by the National Network of Depression Centers, the Clinical TMS Society, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Neurorehabilitation in Post-Stroke Patients.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Pathophysiology and Current Drug Treatments for Post-Stroke Depression: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A Narrative Review on the Non-Pharmacologic Interventions in Post-Stroke Depression.Psychology research and behavior management · 2022Review
- Vortioxetine Modulates the Regional Signal in First-Episode Drug-Free Major Depressive Disorder at Rest.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with citalopram on patients with post-stroke depression.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD). Six relevant electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared rTMS with control condition for PSD were included. The mean change in depression symptom scores was defined as the primary efficacy outcome. Secondary outcomes included the remission rate of depression, stroke recovery, and cognitive function recovery. In total, 7 RCTs with 351 participants were included. At post-treatment, rTMS was significantly more effective than the control condition, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -1.15 (95%CI: -1.62 to -0.69; P<0.001, I2=71%) and remission with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.46 (95%CI: 1.68 to 7.12; P<0.001; I2=11%). As for stroke recovery, rTMS was also better than the control condition (SMD=-0.67, 95%CI: -1.02 to -0.32; P<0.001). However, no significant difference was found for cognitive function recovery between the two groups (SMD=4.07, 95%CI: -1.41 to 9.55; P=0.15). To explore the potential moderators for the primary outcome, a series of subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. The results implied that rTMS may be more effective in Asian samples than in North American samples (P=0.03). In conclusion, from the current evidence in this study, rTMS could be an effective treatment for patients with PSD. Further clinical studies with larger sample sizes and clearer subgroup definitions are needed to confirm these outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.