ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2022
Socioeconomic and Racial Segregation and COVID-19: Concentrated Disadvantage and Black Concentration in Association with COVID-19 Deaths in the USA.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural racism as a fundamental cause of health inequities: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Measuring Spatial Social Polarization in Public Health Research: A Scoping Review of Methods and Applications.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Neighbourhood immigrant density and COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation among healthcare workers in Sweden: a register-based observational study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Baseline socioeconomic status predicting post-COVID-19 symptoms: Results from Isfahan COVID Cohort (ICC) study.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Racial Composition of Social Environments Over the Life Course Using the Pictorial Racial Composition Measure: Development and Validation Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Still Separate, Still Not Equal: An Ecological Examination of Redlining and Racial Segregation with COVID-19 Vaccination Administration in Washington D.C.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Gender-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in the Pre-Vaccination Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Istanbul: A Neighborhood-Level Analysis of Excess Mortality.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Food insecurity in urban American Indian and Alaska Native populations during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Understanding Low Vaccine Uptake in the Context of Public Health in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Current approaches to measuring local racial and ethnic residential segregation in population health studies.Current epidemiology reports · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Case Positivity and Social Context: The Role of Housing, Neighborhood, and Health Insurance.Housing policy debate · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Occupational Distribution Among Black and White Adults with Similar Educational Levels: Analysis of Middle-Aged and Older Individuals in the Health and Retirement Study.Journal of rehabilitation therapy · 2024Article
- Racial Capitalism and Neighborhood Health Disparities: the COVID-19 in California Counties.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Education Experiences of High School Students in Semi-Rural Georgia.The Journal of school health · 2023Article
- Understanding mobility change in response to COVID-19: A Los Angeles case study.Travel behaviour & society · 2023Article
- COVID-19 challenges, responses, and resilience among rural Black women: a study protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Investigating the relationships between concentrated disadvantage, place connectivity, and COVID-19 fatality in the United States over time.BMC public health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 mortality and deprivation: pandemic, syndemic, and endemic health inequalities.The Lancet. Public health · 2022Review
- Racial concentration and dynamics of COVID-19 vaccination in the United States.SSM - population health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis study's objective was to examine the association of the percentage of county population residing in concentrated disadvantage and Black-concentrated census tracts with county-level confirmed COVID-19 deaths in the USA, concentrated disadvantage and Black concentration at census tract-level measure socioeconomic segregation and racial segregation, respectively.
methodsWe performed secondary data analysis using tract (N = 73,056) and county (N = 3142) level data from the US Census Bureau and other sources for the USA. Confirmed COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 population was our outcome measure. We performed mixed-effect negative binomial regression to examine the association of county population's percentage residing in concentrated disadvantage and Black-concentrated tracts with COVID-19 deaths while controlling for several other characteristics.
resultsFor every 10% increase in the percentage of county population residing in concentrated disadvantage and Black-concentrated tracts, the rate for confirmed COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 population increases by a factor of 1.14 (mortality rate ratio [MMR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.11, 1.18) and 1.11 (MMR = 1.11; 95% CI:1.08, 1.14), respectively. These relations stayed significant in all models in further sensitivity analyses. Moreover, a joint increase in the percentage of county population residing in racial and socioeconomic segregation was associated with a much greater increase in COVID-19 deaths.
conclusionsIt appears that people living in socioeconomically and racially segregated neighborhoods may be disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 deaths. Future multilevel and longitudinal studies with data at both individual and aggregated tract level can help isolate the potential impacts of the individual-level characteristics and neighborhood-level socioeconomic and racial segregation with more precision and confidence.
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