ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2021
A Harm Reduction Approach to Treating Opioid Use Disorder in an Independent Primary Care Practice: a Qualitative Study.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Substance Use Disorder Treatment Outcomes: Methodological Overview of Metrics and Criteria.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2025Pooled it
- Implementation Outcomes of Low Threshold Care for Persons with Opioid Use Disorders.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Primary Care Practitioners' Approaches to Deprescribing Opioids for Older Adults With Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Let the girls know, "you can come here": qualitative experiences with harm reduction and health services among women who use drugs in Chicago.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Providers' Perspectives on Implementation of Low-threshold HCV Treatment in New York State: A Qualitative Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Buprenorphine provider preferences to expanding harm reduction services in rural and suburban primary care settings: a short report.Journal of substance use · 2025Article
- Bridging the Gap Between Knowledge and Practices Pertaining to Naloxone Use: A Single-Institution Experience in North Carolina.Journal of patient-centered research and reviews · 2025Article
- "It's Like A Partnership": Exploring the Primary Care Experiences and Patient-Defined Goals of People Who Use Drugs.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Understanding healthcare engagement for people who inject drugs.Research in nursing & health · 2024Article
- Clinical stakeholders' perceptions of patient engagement in outpatient medication treatment for opioid use disorder: A qualitative study.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Differences in buprenorphine prescribing readiness among primary care professionals with and without X-waiver training in the US.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- The association of medical providers' attitudes about naloxone and people with opioid use disorder and their self-reported "low-barrier" treatment practices.Addictive behaviors reports · 2023Article
- Opioid Risk Mitigation Practices of Interprofessional Oncology Personnel: Results From a Cross-Sectional Survey.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Integrating a Harm Reduction Approach to Substance Use in Three Medical Settings.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Opioid use disorder treatment and the role of New Jersey Medicaid policy changes: perspectives of office-based buprenorphine providers.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Opioid use and HIV treatment services experiences among male criminal justice-involved persons in South Africa: a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Integrating Harm Reduction into Medical Care: Lessons from Three Models.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2023Article
- Characteristics of Stress Sensitivity in Heroin Use Disorder Patients during Their Opioid Agonist Treatment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Implementation of buprenorphine services in NYC syringe services programs: a qualitative process evaluation.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Pharmacists expanded role in providing care for opioid use disorder during COVID-19: A qualitative study exploring pharmacists' experiences.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStigma is a barrier to the uptake of buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder. Harm reduction treatment models intend to minimize this stigma by organizing care around non-judgmental interactions with people who use drugs. There are few examples of implementing buprenorphine treatment using a harm reduction approach in a primary care setting in the USA.
methodsWe conducted a qualitative study by interviewing leadership, staff, and external stakeholders at Respectful, Equitable Access to Compassionate Healthcare (REACH) Medical in Ithaca, NY. REACH is a freestanding medical practice that provides buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder since 2018. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 participants with the objective of describing REACH's model of care. We selected participants based on their position at REACH or in the community. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for themes using content analysis, guided by the CDC Evaluation Framework.
resultsREACH provided buprenorphine, primary care, and mental health services in a low-threshold model. We identified three themes related to delivery of buprenorphine treatment. First, an organizational mission to provide equitable and low-stigma healthcare, which was a key to organizational identity. Second, a low-threshold buprenorphine treatment approach that was critical, but caused concern about over-prescribing and presented logistical challenges. Third, creation and retention of a harm reduction-oriented workforce by offering value-based work and by removing administrative barriers providers may face elsewhere to providing buprenorphine treatment.
conclusionsA harm reduction primary care model can help reduce stigma for people who use drugs and engage in buprenorphine treatment. Further research is needed to evaluate whether this model leads to improved patient outcomes, can overcome community stakeholder concerns, and is sustainable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.