Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33469522›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2020

Case Report: Case Series of Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Switzerland.

Athina Fouriki, Yves Fougère, Caroline De Camaret, Géraldine Blanchard Rohner, Serge Grazioli, Noémie Wagner, Christa Relly, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Johannes Trück, Lisa Kottanatu and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02735824 (Genetic Study of Immunodeficiency), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02735824 recruitingnot on this map

Genetic Study of Immunodeficiency: Search for New Genetic Causes for Primary Immunodeficiencies

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity Children's Hospital, ZurichRan2016 to 2027Enrolled500ConditionsImmunologic Deficiency Syndromes, Primary Immune Deficiency (PID)ArmsSkin Biopsy, Mouth Swab or Saliva Collection, Blood Sampling
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Athina FourikiPediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Yves FougèrePediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Unit, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Caroline De CamaretPediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Géraldine Blanchard RohnerPediatric Immunology and Vaccinology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Serge GrazioliDivision of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Paediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Noémie WagnerPediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Christa RellyDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jana Pachlopnik SchmidPediatric Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Johannes TrückDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Lisa KottanatuPediatric Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Estefania PerezHôpital intercantonal de la Broye, Payerne, Switzerland.
Marie-Helene PerezPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Damien SchaffnerPediatric Cardiology Unit, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Sandra Andrea AsnerPediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Unit, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Michael HoferPediatric Immuno-Rheumatology of Western Switzerland, Department Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the beginning of the severe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an increasing number of countries reported cases of a systemic hyperinflammatory condition defined as multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The clinical features of MIS-C can be an overlap of Kawasaki Disease (KD), Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS), Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS), or have often an acute abdominal presentation. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is recommended as first line therapy in KD. Recent evidence suggests intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) resistance in some cases of SARS-CoV-2 related MIS-C, thereby questioning the benefit of immunomodulators such as IL-1 or IL-6 blocking agents. We report on a cohort of 6 Swiss children with SARS-CoV2 related MIS-C presenting with clinical features compatible with Incomplete KD and Toxic Shock Syndrome associated to a cytokine storm. Serum cytokine profile investigations showed increased IL1RA levels (8 to 22-fold) in 5 of the 6 patients (one patient had not been tested), whereas, IL-6 serum levels were increased only in the 3 patients of the 6 who were tested. With exception of one patient who had only benefited by Anakinra, all patients received at least one dose of IVIG. One patient has only received Anakinra with favorable evolution, and three patients had also a steroid treatment. In addition to all this anti-inflammatory medication two patients have also received one dose of anti-IL6. In conclusion, our case series reports on clinical and laboratory findings of most of Swiss cases with MIS-C and suggests the use of Anakinra as an alternative to steroids in these children, most of whom presented with high IL-1RA levels.

Indexed as

AnakinrachildIL-1raMIS-CSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33469522
PMCPMC7813982

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.